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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation
Roland Bénabou,Jean Tirole +1 more
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TLDR
The authors show that performance incentives offered by an informed principal can adversely affect an agent's perception of the task, or of his own abilities, and also study the effects of empowerment, help and excuses on motivation, as well as situations of ego bashing reflecting a battle for dominance within a relationship.Abstract:
A central tenet of economics is that individuals respond to incentives. For psychologists and sociologists, in contrast, rewards and punishments are often counterproductive, because they undermine "intrinsic motivation". We reconcile these two views, showing how performance incentives offered by an informed principal (manager, teacher, parent) can adversely impact an agent's (worker, child) perception of the task, or of his own abilities. Incentives are then only weak reinforcers in the short run, and negative reinforcers in the long run. We also study the effects of empowerment, help and excuses on motivation, as well as situations of ego bashing reflecting a battle for dominance within a relationship.read more
Citations
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User acceptance of hedonic information systems
TL;DR: The paper concludes that the hedonic nature of an information system is an important boundary condition to the validity of the technology acceptance model and perceived usefulness loses its dominant predictive value in favor of ease of use and enjoyment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social Norms and Energy Conservation
Hunt Allcott,Hunt Allcott +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of programs run by a company called OPOWER to send Home Energy Report letters to residential utility customers comparing their electricity use to that of their neighbors is evaluated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Incentives and Prosocial Behavior
TL;DR: This paper developed a theory of prosocial behavior that combines heterogeneity in individual altruism and greed with concerns for social reputation or self-respect, and analyzed the socially optimal level of incentives and how monopolistic or competitive sponsors depart from it.
Journal ArticleDOI
Incentives and Prosocial Behavior
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors build a theory of prosocial behavior that combines heterogeneity in individual altruism and greed with concerns for social reputation or self-respect, and analyze the equilibrium contracts offered by sponsors, including the level and confidentiality of incentives.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Legacy of the Technology Acceptance Model and a Proposal for a Paradigm Shift
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a critique of the technology acceptance model (TAM) and points to specific remedies in each case and present a model for the purposes of providing a foundation for a paradigm shift.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being.
Richard M. Ryan,Edward L. Deci +1 more
TL;DR: Research guided by self-determination theory has focused on the social-contextual conditions that facilitate versus forestall the natural processes of self-motivation and healthy psychological development, leading to the postulate of three innate psychological needs--competence, autonomy, and relatedness.
Book
Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior
Edward L. Deci,Richard M. Ryan +1 more
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the development of Causality Orientations Theory, a theory of personality Influences on Motivation, and its application in information-Processing Theories.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior
Book
Science and human behavior
TL;DR: The psychology classic "Walden Two" as mentioned in this paper is a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century.