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Knowledge, skills, competence: European divergences in vocational education and training (VET)—the English, German and Dutch cases

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TLDR
In this paper, the authors compare the VET systems of England, Germany and The Netherlands and identify a major distinction between a knowledge-based VET model in Germany and the Netherlands and a skills-based model in England.
Abstract
Policy debates on employability, lifelong learning and competence‐based approaches suggest a convergence of VET approaches across European countries. Against the background of the creation of a European Qualifications Framework, this paper compares the VET systems of England, Germany and The Netherlands. The analysis reveals the distinct understandings and meanings of outwardly similar terms. These meanings are deeply rooted in the countries’ institutional structures and labour processes and still inform national debates and policies today. The paper identifies a major distinction between a ‘knowledge‐based’ VET model in Germany and The Netherlands and a ‘skills‐based’ model in England. There is a need to develop trans‐national categories that take into account the social construction of terms such as ‘skills’ and ‘qualifications’.

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The knowledge-creating company : how Japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation

TL;DR: In this article, Nonaka and Takeuchi argue that Japanese firms are successful precisely because they are innovative, because they create new knowledge and use it to produce successful products and technologies, and they reveal how Japanese companies translate tacit to explicit knowledge.

The concept of mind

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TL;DR: If I notice that babies exposed at all fmri is the steps in jahai to research, and I wonder if you ever studied illness, I reflect only baseline condition they ensure.
Journal ArticleDOI

Competence across Europe: highest common factor or lowest common denominator?

TL;DR: This paper explored diversity in competence models across Europe and considered the extent to which there is sufficient common ground for a common European approach to underpin the European Qualifications Framework (EQF).
Report SeriesDOI

Workforce Skills and Innovation: An Overview of Major Themes in the Literature

TL;DR: The authors provides an account of the main approaches, debates and evidence in the literature on the role of workforce skills in the innovation process in developed economies, drawing on multiple sources including the innovation studies discipline, neoclassical Human Capital theory, institutionalist labour market studies and the work organisation discipline.
Journal ArticleDOI

The standing of vocational education: sources of its societal esteem and implications for its enactment

TL;DR: The standing of vocational education is salient for how it is perceived by those who sponsor, participate in and work within it and how its provisions are supported and administered as mentioned in this paper. Yet, this standing continues to be intractably low, compared with other education sectors, more so in some countries than others.
References
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Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation

TL;DR: This work has shown that legitimate peripheral participation in communities of practice is not confined to midwives, tailors, quartermasters, butchers, non-drinking alcoholics and the like.
Book

The Knowledge-Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation

TL;DR: The Knowledge Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation as mentioned in this paper The Knowledge creating company is a knowledge-creating company that creates the dynamism of the Japanese economy.
Book

The knowledge-creating company : how Japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation

TL;DR: In this article, Nonaka and Takeuchi argue that Japanese firms are successful precisely because they are innovative, because they create new knowledge and use it to produce successful products and technologies, and they reveal how Japanese companies translate tacit to explicit knowledge.
Book

The Concept of Mind

TL;DR: This epoch-making book cuts through confused thinking and forces us to re-examine many cherished ideas about knowledge, imagination, consciousness and the intellect as mentioned in this paper, and the result is a classic example of philosophy.

The concept of mind

H. J. Home
TL;DR: If I notice that babies exposed at all fmri is the steps in jahai to research, and I wonder if you ever studied illness, I reflect only baseline condition they ensure.