Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of movement in painful intervertebral joints.
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TLDR
The application of the technique of biplanar radiography for measurement of intervertebral movement in the lumbar spine is described and the accuracy has been defined, and it has been used to describe abnormality of interVertebral motion in a group of patients.Abstract:
Assessment of movements of joints is an important part of their clinical examination. However, movements of the spine are particularly difficult to measure because of its inaccessibility. Normally X-ray measurements are complicated by magnification and distortion, and are restricted to two dimensions. This paper describes the application of the technique of biplanar radiography for measurement of intervertebral movement in the lumbar spine. The positions of nine bony landmarks on each vertebra have been measured in three dimensions. Statistical techniques have been used to obtain a ‘best fit’ of these landmarks in successive radiographic views. Accuracy of measurement has been improved by using the constraint that each vertebra should be a rigid body. The accuracy of the technique has been defined, and it has been used to describe abnormality of intervertebral motion in a group of patients.read more
Citations
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Stereo radiography of lumbar spine motion
TL;DR: This study of normal subjects has defined the ranges of voluntary flexion and extension, axial rotation, and lateral bending in the lumbar spines of young males and provided a base line of normal movements to which the movements seen in pathological conditions can be compared.
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Quantitative assessment of head and shoulder posture.
TL;DR: To determine the reliability of a new objective technique of posture measurement and to establish normal standards for the technique, a computer-assisted slide digitizing system called Postural Analysis Digitizing System (PADS) was used to determine characteristic values for head and shoulder girdle posture and characteristic range of motion in a sample of able-bodied young men.
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Precision measurement of disc height, vertebral height and sagittal plane displacement from lateral radiographic views of the lumbar spine
TL;DR: The new measurement protocols for disc height, vertebral height and sagittal plane displacement, together with the database of normative age-related values, permit quantitative assessment of the prevalence of pathological morphological changes in the human lumbar spine.
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Precision measurement of segmental motion from flexion-extension radiographs of the lumbar spine.
TL;DR: Preliminary results show that precision of the measurement of rotational and translational motion can be considerably enhanced by making allowance for radiographic distortional effects and by minimizing subjective influence in the measurement procedure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Morphometric evaluations of personalised 3D reconstructions and geometric models of the human spine.
TL;DR: The geometric model and 3D reconstruction techniques give accurate information, at low X-ray dose, because it allows better and more efficient quantitative evaluations of spinal dysfunctions and their treatments, as well as biomechanical modelling of the spine.
References
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Three-dimensional flexibility and stiffness properties of the human thoracic spine
TL;DR: Mathematical models of the human spine structure are useful in predicting biomechanical behaviour of the spine where actual experiments may never be performed, and the variation of the mechanical properties with the spine level are presented.
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1980 Volvo award in clinical sciences. Assessment of patients with low-back pain by biplanar radiographic measurement of intervertebral motion.
TL;DR: Biplanar radiography is used to measure intervertebral motion during voluntary movements by patients with low back pain and abnormalities were found, especially in the “coupled” motions which were related to narrowed disc space, and to proximity to previous fusions.
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Centers and angles of rotation of body joints: A study of errors and optimization
TL;DR: In this paper, an algorithm is presented for computing the coordinates of the center of rotation (CR) and the angle of rotation from the x, y coordinate measurements of two point markers on a moving body in two different positions.