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Method and apparatus for processing natural language with a hierarchy of mapping routines

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TLDR
In this paper, a method and apparatus for processing natural language and deducing meaning from a natural language input characterized by the steps of (a) receiving an ordered string of word objects having natural language meaning, (b) selecting a word window length, and (c) successively moving the word window along the ordered string and analyzing the meaning of a substring of a word objects that fall within the window.
Abstract
A method and apparatus for processing natural language and deducing meaning from a natural language input characterized by the steps of (a) receiving an ordered string of word objects having a natural language meaning, (b) selecting a word window length, and (c) successively moving the word window along the ordered string and analyzing the meaning of a substring of word objects that fall within the word window. The substring is removed from the ordered string if the substring has a recognized meaning, until all substrings of the ordered string that fit within the window have been analyzed. In a step (d), the word window length is reduced and step (c) is repeated until only an unrecognized residual of the ordered string remains. The meaning of the substring is analyzed by mapping the substring against a database using one or more mapping routines. The mapping routines are preferably arranged in a hierarchy, wherein a successive mapping routine is used to analyze the substring when a previous mapping routine in the hierarchy cannot map the substring. A computer-implemented task is determined from the recognized substrings and performed by the computer system. The apparatus of the present invention implements the method on a pen-based computer system, and the ordered string is preferably received from strokes entered by a stylus on a display screen of the pen-based computer or from a microphone receiving speech input.

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References
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Patent

Method and system for natural language translation

TL;DR: In this article, a system for translating text from a first source language into a second target language is presented. But the system is not suitable for the task of human translation. But it can be used as an aid to a human translator to perform one or more of the stages of source transduction, hypothesis generation, and target transduction.
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An iterative technique for phrase query formation and an information retrieval system employing same

TL;DR: In this paper, an information retrieval system and method are provided in which an operator inputs one or more query words which are used to determine a search key for searching through a corpus of documents, and which returns any matches between the search key and the corpora of documents as a phrase containing the word data matching the query word(s), a non-stop (content) word next adjacent to the matching word data, and all intervening stop-words between the matching data and the next adjacent nonstop word.
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TL;DR: In this article, a system for interactively generating a natural language input interface, without any computer-skill programming work being required, is presented, which allows a totally unskilled computer user, who need not even be able to type, to access a relational or hierarchical database without any possibility of error.