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Neurosis and Human Growth: The Struggle Toward Self-Realization

TLDR
Horney as discussed by the authors describes the neurotic process as a special form of the human development, the antithesis of healthy growth, and unfolds the different stages of this situation, describing neurotic claims, the tyranny or inner dictates, and the solutions for relieving the tensions of conflict in such emotional attitudes as domination, self-effacement, dependency, or resignation.
Abstract
Karen Horney was born in Hamburg, Germany, in 1885 and studied at the University of Berlin, receiving her medical degree in 1913. From 1914 to 1918 she studied psychiatry at Berlin-Lankwitz, Germany, and from 1918 to 1932 taught at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute. She participated in many international congresses, among them the historic discussion of lay analysis, chaired by Sigmund Freud. Dr. Horney came to the United States in 1932 and for two years was Associate Director of the Psychoanalytic Institute, Chicago. In 1934 she came to New York and was a member of the teaching staff of the New York Psychoanalytic Institute until 1941, when she became one of the founders of the Association for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis and the American Institute for Psychoanalysis. In Neurosis and Human Growth, Dr. Horney discusses the neurotic process as a special form of the human development, the antithesis of healthy growth. She unfolds the different stages of this situation, describing neurotic claims, the tyranny or inner dictates and the neurotic's solutions for relieving the tensions of conflict in such emotional attitudes as domination, self-effacement, dependency, or resignation. Throughout, she outlines with penetrating insight the forces that work for and against the person's realization of his or her potentialities. This 40th Anniversary Edition includes a new preface by Stephanie Steinfeld, Ph.D., and Jeffrey Rubin, M.D., of the American Institute for Psychoanalysis.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Self-Compassion: An Alternative Conceptualization of a Healthy Attitude Toward Oneself

TL;DR: Self-compassion is an emotionally positive self-attitude that should protect against the negative consequences of self-judgment, isolation, and rumination (such as depression), and counter the tendencies towards narcissism, self-centeredness, and downward social comparison that have been associated with attempts to maintain selfesteem as mentioned in this paper.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a theoretical perspective on the nature of "optimal" self-esteem and show that high selfesteem can be fragile or secure depending upon the extent to which it is defensive or genuine, contingent or true, unstable or stable, and discrepant or congruent with implicit feelings of selfworth.
Book ChapterDOI

Terror Management Theory of Self-Esteem and Cultural Worldviews: Empirical Assessments and Conceptual Refinements

TL;DR: The potential for abject terror created by the awareness of the inevitability of death in an animal instinctively programmed for self-preservation and continued experience lies at the root of a great deal of human motivation and behavior as discussed by the authors.
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Positive Conceptions of Perfectionism: Approaches, Evidence, Challenges

TL;DR: It is suggested that self-oriented perfectionistic strivings are positive, if perfectionists are not overly concerned about mistakes and negative evaluations by others.
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Why do people need self-esteem? A theoretical and empirical review.

TL;DR: Terror management theory (TMT) is compared with other explanations for why people need self-esteem, and a critique of the most prominent of these, sociometer theory, is provided.