Journal ArticleDOI
Observations on active touch.
TLDR
Preliminary results indicate that the cross-modal matching of these novel preceptions is possible even for a naive observer, and that practice can bring about errorless judgments in all observers so far tested.Abstract:
ed by solid geometry (slant, curvature, edge, corner) did not seem any more complex to introspection than the solely visible features of things abstracted by plane geometry (triangle, square, circle). A new set of shapes has now been devised for the study of object-perception by active touch. They consist of ten solid sculptures, or free-forms, made of plastic, the surfaces being curved, with no planes, edges, or corners. They are intended to be felt with two hands (and are called "feelies"). Approximately one-half of each surface (the "rear") is convex; the other half (the "front") consists of six convexities with intermediate saddles or concavities. In general, there are five protuberances around a central protuberance, but no object is symmetrical, either radially or bilaterally. They cannot, therefore, be distinguished from one another by counting. Each is readily discriminated from every other by vision of the "front" surface. They are also mutually distinguishable by feeling, although with some error and hesitation for an unpracticed observer. Replicas of the ten objects are available, made from the same molds. It is therefore possible to present one object to the hands and the same or a different object to the eyes simultaneously. Preliminary results indicate that the cross-modal matching of these novel preceptions is possible even for a naive observer, and that practice can bring about errorless judgments in all observers so far tested. Passivity and activity in touch and vision. In passive touch the individual makes no voluntary movements. Similarly, in passive vision he makes no eye movements, which means that he must voluntarily fixate his eyes on a point specified by the experimenter. Neither state is natural to an individual. In a tactual situation, the observer will explore with his fingers unless prevented and, in a visual situation, he will explore the focussable light, fixating, accommodating, converging and pursuing. Both senses are normally active. The passive stimulation of the skin or the retina is necessary for the study of the receptorcells in the skin or the retina, but the experiences resulting are atypical. In active touching and looking the observer reports experiences of a quite different order. They correspond toread more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Hand movements: a window into haptic object recognition.
TL;DR: Two experiments establish links between desired knowledge about objects and hand movements during haptic object exploration, and establish that in free exploration, a procedure is generally used to acquire information about an object property, not because it is merely sufficient, butBecause it is optimal or even necessary.
Book
Embodiment and Cognitive Science
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the relationship between perception, memory, and reasoning in the development of a person's emotional and cognitive development, and conclude that "emotion and consciousness" are the most important factors in human development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Origins of knowledge.
TL;DR: These experiments suggest that cognition develops concurrently with perception and action and that development leads to the enrichment of conceptions around an unchanging core.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exploratory behavior in the development of perceiving, acting, and the acquiring of knowledge.
Journal ArticleDOI
Haptic perception: a tutorial.
TL;DR: This tutorial focuses on the sense of touch within the context of a fully active human observer and describes an extensive body of research on “what” and “where” channels, the former dealing with haptic perception of objects, surfaces, and their properties, and the latter with perception of spatial layout on the skin and in external space relative to the perceiver.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Sensation and Perception in the History of Experimental Psychology
Journal ArticleDOI
The perception of visual surfaces.
TL;DR: The writer has recently proposed the theory that visual space-perception is reducible to the perception of visual surfaces, and that distance, depth, and orientation, together with the constancy of objects, may all be derived from the properties of an array of surfaces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sensation and perception in the history of experimental psychology
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a digital library for the history of experimental psychology, which allows users to download any of their books later than this one in compound countries, allowing them to acquire the most less latency period.