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On the Importance of Finnishing School: Half a Century of Inter-Generational Economic Mobility in Finland
Sari Pekkala,Robert E. Lucas +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors analyzed trends in inter-generational economic mobility in Finland using panel data from 1950 through 1999 on more than 200 thousand sons and daughters born between 1930 and 1970 and found that most of the decline in transmission reflected a reduction in the impact of family income on duration of children's education accompanied by a decline in the returns to schooling.Abstract:
Trends in inter-generational economic mobility in Finland are analyzed using panel data from 1950 through 1999 on more than 200 thousand sons and daughters born between 1930 and 1970. A significant decline is estimated in the inter-generational transmission elasticity from the 1930 birth cohort until the baby boom cohorts of the early1950s. After that we observe no increase in the extent of mobility for 1950s and 1960s birth cohorts. The result holds both for sons and daughters. The quite dramatic transformation of the Finnish economy in the second half of the twentieth century is outlined in the paper. However, a decomposition of the inter-generational transmission elasticities across cohorts shows that most of the decline in transmission reflected a reduction in the impact of family income on duration of childrens education accompanied by a decline in the returns to schooling. Despite the large volume of ruralurban migration during this period of transformation, regional mobility played only a minor role in increasing economic mobility.read more
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Economic impacts of immigration: a survey*
TL;DR: The authors surveys recent empirical studies on the economic impacts of immigration and examines the magnitude of immigration as an economic phenomenon in various host countries and the assimilation of immigrant workers into host-country labor markets and concomitant effects for natives.
Report SeriesDOI
Intergenerational Transmission of Disadvantage
TL;DR: The authors survey the research in OECD countries on intergenerational mobility, i.e. the extent to which key characteristics and life experiences of individuals differ from those of their parents, and find that the mobility of individuals varies significantly across countries.
OECD SOCIAL, EMPLOYMENT AND MIGRATION WORKING PAPERS Intergenerational Transmission of Disadvantage: Mobility or Immobility across Generations? A Review of the Evidence for OECD Countries
TL;DR: In this article, the authors survey the research in OECD countries on intergenerational mobility, i.e. the extent to which key characteristics and life experiences of individuals differ from those of their parents.
Intergenerational transmission of disadvantage: mobility or immobility across generations? a review of the evidence for oecd countries
TL;DR: This paper surveys the research in OECD countries on intergenerational mobility, i.e. the extent to which key characteristics and life experiences of individuals differ from those of their parents. And they find that educational differences tend to persist across generations.
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Education Policy and Intergenerational Income Mobility: Evidence from the Finnish Comprehensive School Reform *
TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate the effect of a major education reform on the intergenerational income mobility in Finland, using a representative sample of males born during 1960-1966.
References
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Wage Inequality and the Rise in Returns to Skill
TL;DR: This paper found that the trend toward increased wage inequality is apparent within narrowly defined education and labor market experience groups, and that much of the increase in wage inequality for males over the last 20 years is due to increased returns to the components of skill other than years of schooling and years of labor market experiences.
Book
Human capital and the rise and fall of families
Gary S. Becker,Nigel Tomes +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a model of the transmission of earnings, assets, and consumption from parents to descendants is developed, assuming utility-maximizing parents who are concerned about the welfare of their children.
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Intergenerational Income Mobility in the United States
TL;DR: For example, this article showed that the intergenerational correlation in long-run income is at least 0.4, indicating dramatically less mobility than suggested by earlier research, indicating less mobility.
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Changes in the Structure of Wages During the 1980'S: an Evaluation of Alternative Explanations
TL;DR: This article investigated several alternative explanations of these wage structure phenomena, including shifts in the structure of product demand, skilled-labor saving technological change, and changes in the incidence and level of rents received by lower skilled workers.
ReportDOI
Changes in the structure of wages in the 1980's: an evaluation of alternative explanations.
John Bound,George E. Johnson +1 more
TL;DR: This paper assess the power of several alternative explanations of the observed relative wage changes in the context of a theoretical framework that nests all of these explanations and conclude that their major cause was a shift in the skill structure of labor demand brought about by biased technological change.