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Optical element in semiconductor laser device having a diffraction grating and improved resonance characteristics

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TLDR
In this paper, a first light deriving optical waveguide connected approximately perpendicularly to a light exit face at one side and having an optical axis different from that of the first light derived from a light waveguide at the other side, and a light emitting optical waveguide subjected to optical coupling with a periodical diffraction grating for optical resonance.
Abstract
The disclosure is directed to an improved semiconductor laser device which includes a first light deriving optical waveguide connected approximately perpendicularly to a light exit face at one side, a second light deriving optical waveguide connected approximately perpendicularly to another light exit face at the other side and having an optical axis different from that of the first light deriving optical waveguide, and a light emitting optical waveguide subjected to optical coupling with a periodical diffraction grating for optical resonance, and connected to end portions of the first and second light deriving optical waveguides within the semiconductor laser device.

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References
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Monolithically integrated distributed Bragg reflector laser

TL;DR: In a heterostructure distributed Bragg reflector laser, at least one multilayer waveguide substantially comprised of a silicon dielectric compound is monolithically integrated with an active semiconductor heter-structured medium.