Journal ArticleDOI
Pavlovian Extinction of the Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Nicotine and Ethanol in Rats Varies as a Function of Context.
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TLDR
It is suggested that stimulus reinforcer relationships play a role in the discriminative stimulus effects of drugs with regard to response rate, but vary pharmacologically and as a function of the context in which extinction occurs.Abstract:
Operant extinction contingencies can undermine the discriminative stimulus effects of drugs Here, nicotine (04 mg/kg) and ethanol (08 g/kg) first functioned as either an SD or SD, in SΔ, in a counterbalanced one-lever go/no-go (across sessions) operant drug discrimination procedure Pavlovian extinction in the training context (levers removed) grossly undermined the response rates and discriminative stimulus functions of nicotine, but not ethanol; presentation of the drugs in the home cage had no impact on stimulus control for either drug but lowered overall response rates This result was replicated between, and within, groups of rats that differed in the order of extinction phases These data suggest that stimulus reinforcer relationships play a role in the discriminative stimulus effects of drugs with regard to response rate, but vary pharmacologically and as a function of the context in which extinction occursread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Perhaps More Consideration of Pavlovian-Operant Interaction May Improve the Clinical Efficacy of Behaviorally Based Drug Treatment Programs.
TL;DR: It is proposed that operant-based drug abuse treatments might consider incorporating cue-reactivity, as establishing/motivating operations, to increase long-term success—a hybrid approach based on Pavlovian-operant interaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extinction of the Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Nicotine with a Devalued Reinforcer: Recovery Following Revaluation
TL;DR: These data demonstrate that discriminative control by nicotine is temporally stable with a devalued reinforcer following acquisition and extinction, and revaluation of the reinforcer promotes recovery of discrim inative control.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interoceptive conditioning with a nicotine stimulus is susceptible to reinforcer devaluation.
TL;DR: Findings suggest that there is a direct association between the interoceptive stimulus effects of nicotine and the appetitive sucrose US (i.e., stimulus-stimulus) rather than a stimulus-response association.
Journal ArticleDOI
The discriminative stimulus effects of a nicotine-ethanol compound in rats: Extinction with the parts differs from the whole.
TL;DR: The results of the all three studies parallel findings with exteroceptive Pavlovian literature in showing that extinction of responding with the elemental parts does not appear to impact the whole-but, extinction with the whole appears to affect its parts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acquisition, Extinction, Recovery, and Reversal of Different Response Sequences Under Conditional Control by Nicotine in Rats
TL;DR: The data suggest that (a) nicotine can establish interoceptive control over different response sequences, and (b) extinction of one response sequence may be state-dependent.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A cognitive model of drug urges and drug-use behavior: role of automatic and nonautomatic processes.
TL;DR: An alternative cognitive model of drug use and drug urges is proposed that hypothesizes that drug use in the addict is controlled by automatized action schemata and is implications for the assessment of urge responding and drug-use behavior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contextual control of the extinction of conditioned fear: tests for the associative value of the context.
Mark E. Bouton,David A. King +1 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that fear of an extinguished CS can be affected by the excitatory strength of the context but that independently demonstrable contextual excitation or inhibition is not necessary for contexts to control that fear.
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