Journal ArticleDOI
Physical characteristics of gas jets injected vertically upward into liquid metal
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The time-averaged structure of plumes has been measured with a two-element electro resistivity probe during upward injection of nitrogen or helium into mercury in a ladle-shaped vessel.Abstract:
The time-averaged structure of plumes has been measured with a two-element electroresistivity probe during upward injection of nitrogen or helium into mercury in a ladle-shaped vessel. From these measurements and data obtained earlier for air jets in water, general correlations linking the spatial distribution of gas fraction with the Froude number and gas/liquid density ratio have been developed. Early evidence suggests that these correlations should be applicable to gas-stirred metallurgical baths. Measurements of the profiles of bubble velocity and bubble pierced length reveal that the kinetic energy of the gas is dissipated close to the nozzle, and buoyancy dominates flow over most of the plume.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of bubble characteristics in a molten iron bath at 1600 °C using an electroresistivity probe
TL;DR: A two-needle, electroresistivity probe was developed to measure bubble characteristics such as gas holdup, bubble frequency, and bubble rising velocity in a molten iron bath at 1600 °C.
Journal ArticleDOI
Large-scale measurements of the physical characteristics of round vertical bubble plumes in liquids
TL;DR: In this article, the hydrodynamics of air/water plumes in a large-scale model of a metallurgical ladle were investigated, and it was found that the bubble plume is not at a fixed position but wanders away from the vertical vessel axis.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Critical Review of the Modified Froude Number in Ladle Metallurgy
TL;DR: In this article, an approach based on the "plume" Froude number, derived from the buoyancy of the plume, is shown to be more useful in modeling plume as well as ladle hydrodynamics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fluid flow and bath temperature destratification in gas-stirred ladles
TL;DR: In this article, the transient fluid flow and temperature distributions in argon-stirred ladles have been investigated, and the governing equations of unsteady fluid flow were solved numerically with a control-volume technique, while the turbulence was modeled by the two-equationk- ∃ model.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Flow regimes in submerged gas injection
E. O. Hoefele,J. K. Brimacombe +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the behavior of gas discharging into a liquid has been investigated in the labora-tory and in plant, where high speed cinematography and pressure measurements in the tuyere have been carried out to characterize the flow regimes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of physical characteristics of bubbles in gas-liquid plumes: Part II. Local properties of turbulent air-water plumes in vertically injected jets
TL;DR: The structural development of air-water bubble plumes during upward injection into a ladle-shaped vessel has been measured under different conditions of air flow rate, orifice diameter, and bath depth.
Journal ArticleDOI
The physical behavior of a gas jet injected horizontally into liquid metal
G. N. Oryall,J. K. Brimacombe +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the gas fraction and bubble frequency distributions in a submerged air jet, injected horizontally into mercury, have been measured under isothermal, nonreactive conditions for nozzle diameters of 0.325 and 0.476 cm and jet Froude numbers ranging from 20.5 to 288.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of round vertical gas bubble jets
TL;DR: In this paper, axial profiles of gas concentration and bubble frequency have been measured for vertical gas bubble jets in the systems air/water, helium/water and nitrogen/mercury using an electroresistivity probe.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fluid flow and bath temperature destratification in gas-stirred ladles
TL;DR: In this article, the transient fluid flow and temperature distributions in argon-stirred ladles have been investigated, and the governing equations of unsteady fluid flow were solved numerically with a control-volume technique, while the turbulence was modeled by the two-equationk- ∃ model.
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