MonographDOI
Prioritarianism
TLDR
Prioritarianism as mentioned in this paper holds that improvements in someone's life (gains in well-being) are morally more valuable, the worse off the person would otherwise be, than improvements in the life of anyone equally well off.Abstract:
Prioritarianism holds that improvements in someone's life (gains in well-being) are morally more valuable, the worse off the person would otherwise be. The doctrine is impartial, holding that a gain in one person's life counts exactly the same as an identical gain in the life of anyone equally well off. If we have some duty of beneficence to make the world better, prioritarianism specifies the content of the duty. Unlike the utilitarian, the prioritarian holds that we should not only seek to increase human well-being, but also distribute it fairly across persons, by tilting in favor of the worse off. A variant version adds that we should also give priority to the morally deserving – to saints over scoundrels. The view is a standard for right choice of individual actions and public policies, offering a distinctive alternative to utilitarianism (maximize total well-being), sufficiency (make everyone's condition good enough) and egalitarianism (make everyone's condition the same).read more
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MonographDOI
Prioritarianism
TL;DR: Prioritarianism as mentioned in this paper holds that improvements in someone's life (gains in well-being) are morally more valuable, the worse off the person would otherwise be, than improvements in the life of anyone equally well off.
Deontology
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present some of the different versions of deontology, including the views of W. D. Ross, and, to a lesser extent, Immanuel Kant.
MonographDOI
Moral Responsibility Reconsidered
Gregg D. Caruso,Derk Pereboom +1 more
TL;DR: The authors examines the concept of moral responsibility as it is used in contemporary philosophical debates and explores the justifiability of the moral practices associated with it, including moral praise/blame, retributive punishment, and reactive attitudes of resentment and indignation.
MonographDOI
Deontology
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present some of the different versions of deontology, including the views of W. D. Ross, and, to a lesser extent, Immanuel Kant.
MonographDOI
Moral Relativism and Pluralism
TL;DR: The argument for meta-ethics as discussed by the authors states that moralities are best understood as emerging from human culture in response to the need to promote and regulate interpersonal cooperation and internal motivational coherence in the individual.
References
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Book
Living without free will
TL;DR: Hard incompatibilism and criminal behavior as mentioned in this paper has been studied in the context of agent-causal libertarianism, and the contours of hard incompatiblism have been discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cardinal Welfare, Individualistic Ethics, and Interpersonal Comparison of Utility: Comment
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that one of the three appealing axioms for social choice under uncertainty is not consistent with notions of justice held by some individuals and present an example which suggests the problem inherent in the axiom and some comments on the nature of the example.
Journal ArticleDOI
Equality, Priority, and Compassion*
TL;DR: The authors argue that the priority principle itself is ungrounded and that it should itself give way to a sufficiency principle based on compassion for those who are badly off, via the notion of an impartial spectator.
Journal ArticleDOI
Why Sufficiency Is Not Enough
TL;DR: In this article, the authors make a distinction between two categories of distributive principle which tend to favor less advantaged individuals when their interests conflict with those of more advantaged ones: prioritarian principles do not assume that inequality is ever noninstrumentally morally regrettable.
MonographDOI
Risk and rationality
TL;DR: Instrumental Rationality and Expected Utility Theory as mentioned in this paper, risk-weighted expected utility theory is used to evaluate the utility of a product in the context of bookmaking and packaging.