Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid Evolution of Egg Size in Captive Salmon
TLDR
In chinook salmon, hatchery rearing relaxes natural selection favoring large eggs, allowing fecundity selection to drive exceptionally rapid evolution of small eggs, and trends toward small eggs are also evident in natural populations heavily supplemented by hatcheries, but not in minimally supplemented populations.Abstract:
Captive breeding and release programs, widely used to supplement populations of declining species, minimize juvenile mortality to achieve rapid population growth However, raising animals in benign environments may promote traits that are adaptive in captivity but maladaptive in nature In chinook salmon, hatchery rearing relaxes natural selection favoring large eggs, allowing fecundity selection to drive exceptionally rapid evolution of small eggs Trends toward small eggs are also evident in natural populations heavily supplemented by hatcheries, but not in minimally supplemented populations Unintentional selection in captivity can lead to rapid changes in critical life-history traits that may reduce the success of supplementation or reintroduction programsread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic Effects of Captive Breeding Cause a Rapid, Cumulative Fitness Decline in the Wild
TL;DR: The results suggest that even a few generations of domestication may have negative effects on natural reproduction in the wild and that the repeated use of captive-reared parents to supplement wild populations should be carefully reconsidered.
Supporting Online Material for Genetic Effects of Captive Breeding Cause a Rapid, Cumulative Fitness Decline in the Wild
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured lifetime reproductive success of the first two generations of steelhead trout that were reared in captivity and bred in the wild after they were released, and showed that genetic effects of domestication reduce subsequent reproductive capabilities by ∼40% per captive-reared generation when fish are moved to natural environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the likely effects of climate change on anadromous Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and brown trout Salmo trutta, with particular reference to water temperature and flow.
Bror Jonsson,Nina Jonsson +1 more
TL;DR: There is reason to expect a northward movement of the thermal niche of anadromous salmonids with decreased production and population extinction in the southern part of the distribution areas, migrations earlier in the season, later spawning, younger age at smolting and sexual maturity and increased disease susceptibility and mortality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic adaptation to captivity in species conservation programs.
TL;DR: Surprisingly, equalization of family sizes reduces the rate of genetic adaptation, but not the deleterious impacts upon reintroduced populations, as predicted by quantitative genetic theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolutionary aspects of the trade-off between seed size and number in crops
TL;DR: Evidence for and against the link between seed size and parental fitness is revised using the Smith–Fretwell model as framework and the proposal of high plasticity of seed number and narrow variability of seed size resulting from stabilising natural selection is generally consistent with evolutionary and genetic considerations.
References
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Book
The evolution of life histories : theory and analysis
TL;DR: This chapter discusses life history variations, the age schedules of birth and death, the cost of reproduction, and the size of clutch and offspring size.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Optimal Balance between Size and Number of Offspring
TL;DR: The relationship between the energy expended per offspring, fitness of offspring, and parental fitness is presented in a two-dimensional graphical model and the validity of the model in determining an optimal parental strategy is demonstrated analytically.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Strength of Phenotypic Selection in Natural Populations
Joel G. Kingsolver,Hopi E. Hoekstra,Jonathan M. Hoekstra,David Berrigan,Sacha Vignieri,C. E. Hill,A. Hoang,Patricia Gibert,Peter Beerli +8 more
TL;DR: Comparisons of estimated linear selection gradients and differentials suggest that indirect components of phenotypic selection were usually modest relative to direct components, and no evidence that stabilizing selection is stronger or more common than disruptive selection in nature.
Book
Evolutionary Quantitative Genetics
TL;DR: The maintenance of genetic variation, including directional selection and the correlated response, and Phenotypic plasticity and reaction norms, and Bottlenecks, finite populations, and inbreeding.
Book
Maternal effects as adaptations
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the role of Maternal Effects, Developmental Plasticity, and Life History Evolution in the evolution of Behavior and its Evolutionary Implications and discusses generalizations, Implications, and Future Directions.
Related Papers (5)
Genetic Effects of Captive Breeding Cause a Rapid, Cumulative Fitness Decline in the Wild
Maternal effects of egg size in brown trout (Salmo trutta): norms of reaction to environmental quality
Sigurd Einum,Ian A. Fleming +1 more