Real-time and simultaneous measurement of tricuspid orifice and tricuspid anulus areas in anesthetized dogs.
TLDR
Even in an isolated atrial contraction, the inflection point that marks the boundary between slow "atriogenic" closure presumably due to anulus narrowing and rapid closure Presumably due to hemodynamic force was easily identified.Abstract:
Tricuspid valve orifice and tricuspid valve anulus areas were measured simultaneously in the anesthetized dog with a newly developed area-measuring system based on electromagnetic induction. This system permitted real-time monitoring of the area enclosed by the edges of valve leaflets and by the juncture of the valve leaflet and the cardiac wall in situ, without artificial constraint to the valve motion. Right atrial and right ventricular pressures were measured with two catheter-tipped micromanometers. During control state, tricuspid valve orifice area (TOA) increased up to its peak [1.38 +/- 0.26 cm2 (mean +/- SD)] coincidently with either atrial systole or rapid ventricular filling. Atrial contraction evoked distinct presystolic tricuspid anulus narrowing with concomitant slow TOA reduction. This slow TOA reduction began 30.0 +/- 16.1 msec before systolic atrioventricular pressure crossover, and the following rapid TOA decrease was completed 38.7 +/- 12.2 msec after systolic atrioventricular pressure crossover. TOA began to increase 48.4 +/- 30.4 msec before diastolic atrioventricular pressure crossover at the end portion of the isovolumic relaxation phase, opposing residual transvalvular pressure gradient (3.33 +/- 1.79 mm Hg). The slow presystolic TOA decrease was considered to be a reflection of the presystolic anulus narrowing caused by atrial systole. An isolated atrial contraction induced by administering 1 mg acetylcholine chloride into the atrioventricular node artery or by vagus nerve stimulation could produce complete valve closure. Even in an isolated atrial contraction, the inflection point that marks the boundary between slow "atriogenic" closure presumably due to anulus narrowing and rapid closure presumably due to hemodynamic force was easily identified.read more
Citations
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Regulation of the aortic valve opening: In vivo dynamic measurement of aortic valve orifice area
TL;DR: Aortic valve orifice area was dynamically measured in anesthetized dogs with a new measuring system involving electromagnetic induction as discussed by the authors, which allowed real-time measurement of the valve area in beating hearts in situ.
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Complete mapping of the tricuspid valve apparatus using three-dimensional sonomicrometry
Hosam Fawzy,Kiyotaka Fukamachi,C. David Mazer,Alana Harrington,David A. Latter,Daniel Bonneau,Lee Errett +6 more
TL;DR: The normal anatomy and dynamic characteristics of the tricuspid valve apparatus in vivo were determined and whether this would aid the design of a tric Suspid valve annuloplasty ring model was discerned to be a multiplanar 3-dimensional one that mimics the normal tric suspension.
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Influence of short atrioventricular delay on late diastolic transmitral flow and stroke volume.
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