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Recurrence of carboxylic acid-pyridine supramolecular synthon in the crystal structures of some pyrazinecarboxylic acids.

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TLDR
X-ray crystal structures of pyrazinic acid 1 and isomeric methylpyrazine carboxylic acids 2-4 are analyzed to examine the occurrence of car boxylic acid-pyridine supramolecular synthon V in these heterocyclic acids.
Abstract
X-ray crystal structures of pyrazinic acid 1 and isomeric methylpyrazine carboxylic acids 2-4 are analyzed to examine the occurrence of carboxylic acid-pyridine supramolecular synthon V in these heterocyclic acids. Synthon V, assembled by (carboxyl)O-H...N(pyridine) and (pyridine)C-H...O(carbonyl) hydrogen bonds, controls self-assembly in the crystal structures of pyridine and pyrazine monocarboxylic acids. The recurrence of acid-pyridine heterodimer V compared to the more common acid-acid homodimer I in the crystal structures of pyridine and pyrazine monocarboxylic acids is explained by energy computations in the RHF 6-31G* basis set. Both the O-H.N and the C-H...O hydrogen bonds in synthon V result from activated acidic donor and basic acceptor atoms in 1-4. Pyrazine 2,3- and 2,5-dicarboxylic acids 10 and 11 crystallize as dihydrates with a (carboxyl)O-H...O(water) hydrogen bond in synthon VII, a recurring pattern in the diacid structures. In summary, the carboxylic acid group forms an O-H...N hydrogen bond in pyrazine monocarboxylic acids and an O-H...O hydrogen bond in pyrazine dicarboxylic acids. This structural analysis correlates molecular features with supramolecular synthons in pyridine and pyrazine carboxylic acids for future crystal engineering strategies.

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Citations
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Synthesis and structural studies on the supramolecular architecture of two novel proton transfer molecular salts of 2−Aminopyridine

TL;DR: In this paper , the synthesis, analytical and structural characterization of two new molecular salts (AP − PHBA and AP − NA) of 2 − aminopyridine (AP) using GRAS molecules has been envisaged.
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Synthesis, crystal growth, thermal, density functional theory, linear and nonlinear optical properties of 3-Aminopyridinium-2-chloro-4-nitrobenzoate single crystal

TL;DR: In this article , a 3rd-order nonlinear optical compound 3-Aminopyridinium-2-chloro-4-nitrobenzoate (3AP2C4N) was successfully synthesized by following the slow-cooling solution growth technology.
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Preparation of N, N, N′, N′-tetrakis-(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine and crystal assemblies of the relative complexes

TL;DR: In this paper, three allomeric complexes (MIITBIMEDA) SO4·5H2O, M = Cd, Co, Ni) were self-assembled by solvothermal method based on reaction of this ligand with the relative sulfates, and their crystal structures were determined by single crystal X-ray structural analysis.
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Energetics of carboxylic acid–pyridine heterosynthon revisited: A computational study of intermolecular hydrogen bond domination on phenylacetic acid–nicotinamide cocrystals

TL;DR: In this article , the authors used a computational model to assess the most important factor in the emergence of the synthon in cocrystal packing and found that there is no other parameter better than EHB to describe the superiority of Carboxylic acid-pyridine heterosynthon in PYCNIC.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Supramolecular Synthons in Crystal Engineering—A New Organic Synthesis

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that crystal engineering is a new organic synthesis, and that rather than being only nominally relevant to organic chemistry, this subject is well within the mainstream, being surprisingly similar to traditional organic synthesis in concept.
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Noncovalent synthesis using hydrogen bonding

TL;DR: Noncovalent synthesis based on the reversible formation of multiple hydrogen bonds is described and the development of novel materials (nanotubes, liquid crystals, polymers, etc.) and principles that recently have emanated from this intriguing field of research are summarized.
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Noncovalent Synthesis: Using Physical-Organic Chemistry To Make Aggregates

TL;DR: A molecule is usually understood to be a stable collection of atoms connected by a continuous network of covalent bonds as discussed by the authors, and the develipment of methods for constructing these networks has been a central occupation of organic chemistry, and the success of these methods has made possible the power, elegance and utility of modern organic synthesis.
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Superstructural diversity in two dimensions: crystal engineering of laminated solids

TL;DR: The application of self-assembly to the solid state offers an approach to crystal design and crystal engineering, namely supramolecular synthesis of solids, that is based upon the design of infinite networks.
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