Sampling Design and Statistical Methods for Environmental Biologists

TLDR: In this paper, the authors present an approach for optimal impact study design, based on the concept of simple variables, derived from simple variables, and biological variables in special areas, with the goal of determining when and where the impact should be inferred from spatial patterns alone.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION. Purpose and Relation to Existing Literature. Background Assumed. Organization and Emphasis. PRINCIPLES. General Review. The Example. Ten Principles. DECISIONS. Introduction. Optimal Impact Study Design. Optimal and Suboptimal Designs--The Main Sequences. Forms of Simple Variables. Derived Variables. Selection of Variables. Biological Variables in Special Areas. Estimation of Necessary Sample Size, Number, and Allocation. Data Screening Before Analysis. Computer Programs. Visual Display of Results. SEQUENCES. Main Sequence 1: Permits an Optimal Impact Study Design. Main Sequence 2: Impact Inferred from Temporal Change Alone. Main Sequence 3: Baseline or Monitoring Study. Main Sequence 4: Impact Must Be Inferred from Spatial Pattern Alone. Main Sequence 5: "When and Where?" Is the Question. References. Index.