Journal ArticleDOI
Seed wars and farmers’ rights: comparative perspectives from Brazil and India
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In this article, the authors investigate how farmers' rights are protected on paper and implemented on the ground in India and Brazil. And they show that India has adopted an ownership approach to farmers rights, while Brazil leans towards a stewardship approach.Abstract:
Drawing on interviews with Indian and Brazilian farmers’ rights activists, lawyers, agronomists and plant breeders, this article aims at better understanding how farmers’ rights are protected on paper and implemented on the ground in these two countries. Brazil and India offer important case studies because they are biologically megadiverse countries, and because small farmers represent an important segment of the rural economy. In this article, I show that India has adopted an ownership approach to farmers’ rights, while Brazil leans towards a stewardship approach. Based on an examination of the progress made in enforcing these rights, I further argue that the stewardship model adopted by Brazil is more conducive to the realization of farmers’ rights, and I explore why this is the case. Finally, I show how farmers’ rights provisions in the Brazilian and Indian legislations represent fragile gains that could be curtailed by several bills currently under discussion in the field of seed and plant variety pr...read more
Citations
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First the seed; the political economy of plant biotechnology
TL;DR: A caracteristica fundamental dessa nova e "man-made" evolucao, o que certamente encerra inumeras questoes, tanto de âmbito tecnico e economico como, e principalmente, de cunho social, is a nova biotecnologia.
International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
TL;DR: The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, referred to as the Plant Treaty, was approved on 3 November 2001 by Members of the food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), headquartered in Rome, Italy.
Journal ArticleDOI
‘Keeping seeds in our hands’: the rise of seed activism
Karine Peschard,Shalini Randeria +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss seed commons, peasant seeds, and seed sovereignty as powerful expressions of what may be termed as seed activism, and present the opening paper of the JPS Special Forum on Seed A...
Journal ArticleDOI
Farmers’ rights, local food systems, and sustainable household dietary diversification: A case of Uttarakhand Himalaya in north-western India
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the aspects of farmers' rights, the community level seed systems, food sovereignty and the potential of farmer household production and dietary diversification in combating malnutrition and community health promotion with regard to farming communities of Uttarakhand hills in north-western India.
Book
Intellectual Property and the New International Economic Order: Oligopoly, Regulation, and Wealth Redistribution in the Global Knowledge Economy
TL;DR: Halabi as discussed by the authors argues that the New International Economic Order never faded, but rather was redirected by other treaties, formed outside the nominally economic sphere, that protected poor countries' interests in education, health, and nutrition and resulted in redistribution and regulation.
References
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Book
First the Seed: The Political Economy of Plant Biotechnology
TL;DR: First the Seed as mentioned in this paper highlights the history of plant breeding and shows how efforts to control the seed have shaped the emergence of the agricultural biotechnology industry, and includes an extensive, new chapter updating the analysis to include the most recent developments in the struggle over the direction of crop genetic engineering.
First the seed; the political economy of plant biotechnology
TL;DR: A caracteristica fundamental dessa nova e "man-made" evolucao, o que certamente encerra inumeras questoes, tanto de âmbito tecnico e economico como, e principalmente, de cunho social, is a nova biotecnologia.
Reference BookDOI
Genes in the Field : On-Farm Conservation of Crop Diversity
TL;DR: The issues of in situ conservation of crop genetic resources are discussed in this article, where the authors present a case study of the Barley race from the Fertile Crescent of Ethiopia.