Sensivity studies using a climate thermodynamic model, with a particular reference to the effect of changing the solar constant.

TLDR: In this article, the effect of the distribution of continents and oceans appears in the solution, especially in July, where the largest anomalies are obtained un July over the continents reaching values of -5.1 degrees Celsius at latitude 30° over America and -6.0 degrees at latitude 20° over Asia.

Abstract: According to the computations, a decrease of 2 percent in the present solar constant produces negative anomalies in the surface temperature, witch are stronger in july than in January. The effect of the distribution of continents and oceans appears in the solution, especially in July. The largest anomalies are obtained un July over the continents reaching values of -5.1 degrees Celsius at latitude 30° over America and -6.0 degrees at latitude 20° over Asia. The zonally averaged values of the decrease of surface temperature due to a decrease of 2 percent in the solar constant, in July varying from 2.3° C in lower latitudes to 1.0°C in the higher latitudes. Furthermore, it is shown that decrease of the 2 or 4 percent in the solar constant does not produce a substantial increase in the position of the snow and ice boundary. The anomalies in the cloud cover, that appear due to the decrease in the solar constant, have a strong influence in the surface temperature decrease especially in the lower latitudes . The solution show that it is essential in any climate model to include cloudiness as a variable. The computed annual average value of the change in the surface temperature due to a decrease of one percent is equal to 0.7° C. A comparison with the results obtained by other authors and models is carried out.