Sex trafficking, sexual risk, sexually transmitted infection and reproductive health among female sex workers in Thailand
TLDR
Both the prevalence of sex trafficking as an entry mechanism to sex work and the threats to sexual and reproductive health observed on the basis of trafficking status show the need for comprehensive efforts to identify and support this vulnerable population.Abstract:
Background The trafficking of women and girls for sexual exploitation is an internationally recognised form of gender-based violence, and is thought to confer unique sexual and reproductive health vulnerabilities. To date, little research has compared sexual risk or health outcomes among female sex workers (FSWs) on the basis of experiences of sex trafficking. Aim To compare experiences of sexual risk and sexual and reproductive health outcomes among FSWs on the basis of experiences of trafficking as an entry mechanism to sex work. Methods Data from a national sample of FSWs in Thailand (n=815) was used to assess ( a ) the prevalence of sex trafficking as an entry mechanism into sex work and ( b ) associations of sex trafficking with sexual risk and health outcomes. Results Approximately 10% of FSWs met criteria for trafficking as an entry mechanism to sex work. Compared with their non-trafficked counterparts, sex-trafficked FSWs were more likely to have experienced sexual violence at initiation to sex work (adjusted risk ratio (ARR) 2.29, 95% CI 1.11 to 4.72), recent workplace violence or mistreatment (ARR 1.38, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.67), recent condom failure (ARR 1.80, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.80), condom non-use (ARR 3.35, 95% CI 1.49 to 7.52) and abortion (ARR 2.83, 95% CI 1.48 to 5.39). Discussion Both the prevalence of sex trafficking as an entry mechanism to sex work and the threats to sexual and reproductive health observed on the basis of trafficking status show the need for comprehensive efforts to identify and support this vulnerable population. Moreover, existing STI/HIV-prevention programming may be stymied by the limited condom-use capacity and high levels of violence observed among those trafficked into sex work.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Burden of HIV among female sex workers in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Stefan Baral,Chris Beyrer,Kathryn E. Muessig,Tonia Poteat,Andrea L. Wirtz,Michele R. Decker,Susan G. Sherman,Deanna Kerrigan +7 more
TL;DR: Although data characterising HIV risk among female sex workers is scarce, the burden of disease is disproportionately high and suggests an urgent need to scale up access to quality HIV prevention programmes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers: influence of structural determinants
Kate Shannon,Steffanie A. Strathdee,Shira M. Goldenberg,Putu Duff,Peninah Mwangi,Maia Rusakova,Sushena Reza-Paul,Joseph Lau,Kathleen N. Deering,Michael Pickles,Marie-Claude Boily +10 more
TL;DR: A deterministic transmission model was used to simulate potential HIV infections averted through structural changes in regions with concentrated and generalised epidemics, and high HIV prevalence among FSWs, and suggested that elimination of sexual violence alone could avert 17% of HIV infections in Kenya and 20% in Canada in the next decade.
Journal ArticleDOI
A systematic review of the correlates of violence against sex workers
Kathleen N. Deering,Avni Amin,Jean Shoveller,Ariel Nesbitt,Claudia García-Moreno,Putu Duff,Elena Argento,Kate Shannon +7 more
TL;DR: This high burden of violence against sex workers globally and large gaps in epidemiological data support the need for research and structural interventions to better document and respond to the contextual factors shaping this violence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence and risk of violence and the physical mental and sexual health problems associated with human trafficking: systematic review.
TL;DR: A systematic review of the evidence on the health consequences of human trafficking suggests a high prevalence of violence and mental distress among women and girls trafficked for sexual exploitation, among other findings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human rights violations against sex workers: burden and effect on HIV
Michele R. Decker,Anna-Louise Crago,Sandra Ka Hon Chu,Susan G. Sherman,Meena Saraswathi Seshu,Kholi Buthelezi,Mandeep Dhaliwal,Chris Beyrer +7 more
TL;DR: Research findings affirm the value of rights-based HIV responses for sex workers, and underscore the obligation of states to uphold the rights of this marginalised population.
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