Journal ArticleDOI
Signature fatty acids in phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides as indicators of microbial biomass and community structure in agricultural soils
TLDR
Soil samples taken from eight long-term agricultural monoculture and rotation experimental plots were examined for their profiles of fatty acids in either phospholipid or lipopolysaccharide fractions and it was shown that this method has the potential to differentiate between the soils, even on a management level.Abstract:
Soil samples were taken from eight long-term agricultural monoculture and rotation experimental plots and examined for their profiles of fatty acids in either phospholipid or lipopolysaccharide fractions The more specific constituents related to microorganisms were tested for their ability to estimate the biomass and to differentiate community structureMore than100 fatty acids, including unsubstituted, straight- and branched-chain,unsaturated and hydroxy fatty acids were detected in the soils sampledGood correlations between the total amounts of fatty acids derived from phospholipids and the microbial biomasses and activities obtained by different classical procedures were observed (correlation coefficients were above 097) This indicates that the fatty acids were closely linked to soil microorganisms and that this method can be used in the study of soil microbial ecologyIn addition,each of the eight soils was characterized by its own pattern of fatty acids, either as phospholipids,or as lipopolysaccharidesThis shows that this method has the potential to differentiate between the soils,even on a management levelThe most apparent difference was registered in terms of the relation of the monoenoic to the normal fatty acids among the eight soilsThe black fallow and the fields cultivated with potatoes showed approximately equal amounts of both, the green fallow and the fields cultivated with wheat displayed a ratio of 17:10 and the grassland 13:10 The soil with crop rotation showed considerably more fatty acids in terms of the number in the normal fraction,while the grassland contained more hydroxy fatty acids than the soils from arable landread more
Citations
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Fatty acid patterns of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides in the characterisation of microbial communities in soil: a review
TL;DR: Results from principal component analysis showed that determining the levels of fatty acids present in both low and high concentrations is essential in order to correctly identify microorganisms and accurately classify them into taxonomically defined groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variations in microbial community composition through two soil depth profiles
TL;DR: Using PLFAs as biomarkers, it is shown that Gram-positive bacteria and actinomycetes tended to increase in proportional abundance with increasing soil depth, while the abundances of Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa were highest at the soil surface and substantially lower in the subsurface.
Journal ArticleDOI
The influence of soil properties on the structure of bacterial and fungal communities across land-use types
TL;DR: Soil pH was the best predictor of bacterial community composition across this landscape while fungal community composition was most closely associated with changes in soil nutrient status, suggesting specific changes in edaphic properties, not necessarily land-use type itself, may best predict shifts in microbialcommunity composition across a given landscape.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impacts of Carbon and Flooding on Soil Microbial Communities: Phospholipid Fatty Acid Profiles and Substrate Utilization Patterns
Deborah A. Bossio,Kate M. Scow +1 more
TL;DR: Direct comparison of PLFA and substrate utilization patterns indicated that Biolog patterns are highly selective, and do not reflect compositional changes in soil communities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Determinants of Soil Microbial Communities: Effects of Agricultural Management, Season, and Soil Type on Phospholipid Fatty Acid Profiles
TL;DR: Redundancy analysis ordination showed thatPLFA profiles from organic and conventional systems were significantly different from April to July, and measures of the microbial community and soil properties were seldom associated with the variation in the PLFA profiles.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A physiological method for the quantitative measurement of microbial biomass in soils
TL;DR: The respiratory method provides reproducible estimates of biomass size within 1–3 h after soil amendment, and can be combined without difficulty with a selective inhibition method for determination of bacterial and fungal contributions to soil metabolism.
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Determination of the sedimentary microbial biomass by extractible lipid phosphate.
TL;DR: The high content of plasmalogen phospholipids in these sediments suggests that the anaerobic prokaryotic Clostridia are found in the aerobic sedimentary horizon, which would require anaer aerobic microhabitats in the aerated zones.
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Phospholipid, ester-linked fatty acid profiles as reproducible assays for changes in prokaryotic community structure of estuarine sediments
TL;DR: Phospholipid, ester-linked fatty acid profiles showed changes in benthic prokaryotic community structure reflecting culture manipulations that were both quantitative and statistically significant.
Book
Lipids in plants and microbes
TL;DR: The lipid composition of plants and microorganisms is affected by terpenoids and steroids, and lipid distributions in different organisms and their use in taxonomy are studied.
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Determination of monosaturated fatty acid double-bond position and geometry for microbial monocultures and complex consortia by capillary GC-MS of their dimethyl disulphide adducts
TL;DR: In this article, the double-bond position and geometry of monounsaturated fatty acid double-branch adducts were determined for microbial monocultures and complex microbial consortia by capillary GC-MS of their dimethyl disulphide (DMDS) adduct.