Membrane diffractive optical elements formed by fabricating microstructures on the substrates have two important characteristics, ultra-light mass (surface mass density < 0.1 kg/m2) and loose surface shape tolerances (surface accuracy requirements are on the order of magnitude of centimeter). Large-aperture telescopes using a membrane diffractive optical element as the primary lens have super large aperture, light weight, and low cost at launch. In this paper, the research and development on space-based diffractive telescopes are classified and summarized. First, the imaging theory and the configuration of diffractive-optics telescopes are discussed. Then, the developments in diffractive telescopes are introduced. Finally, the development prospects for this technology used as a high-resolution space reconnaissance system in the future are summarized, and the critical and relevant work that China should carry out is put forward.

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Study on Chromatic Aberration Correction of 10 Meter Large Aperture Membrane Diffractive Primary Lens

Development of space-based diffractive telescopes

Research on grating surface microstructure for the chromatic aberration compensation in infrared band

According to the Schupmann's achromatic theory, a calculation method of off-axis four-mirror diffractive imaging optical system is introduced. By using the method, an optical system which has an aperture of 1 m, F-number of 8, full field of view of 0.12°, waveband of 582.8 nm~682.8 nm is designed. The results show that the chromatic aberration is corrected effectively. The modulation transfer function (MTF) is more than 0.53 in the range of 50 lp/mm, and the RMS radius of diffusion spot is less than the airy radius. It demonstrates that the image quality of this system is close to the diffraction limit. It is analyzed that the processing of diffractive primary lens and diffractive correct mirror can be realized by traditional lithography and diamond turning, respectively. Monte-Carlo simulation of tolerance analysis is carried out, it determined that the tolerance error mainly originates from the tilt angle of relay mirror, which provides guidance for the process of assembling and adjusting. This system has the advantages of broadband, high image quality, which can provide references for the development of reflective diffractive imaging optical system.

Study on Chromatic Aberration Correction of 10 Meter Large Aperture Membrane Diffractive Primary Lens

Citations

Development of space-based diffractive telescopes

Research on grating surface microstructure for the chromatic aberration compensation in infrared band

Design of diffractive imaging optical system based on off-axis four-mirror

星载10 m合成孔径相干成像望远镜和波前估计

天基6.5 m衍射综合孔径红外射电望远镜

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