Reference EntryDOI
Supervision in the Community: Probation and Parole
Michelle S. Phelps,Caitlin Curry +1 more
TLDR
In the United States, the number of adults on probation and parole supervision increased from one million in 1980 to a peak of nearly 5.1 million in 2007, more than double the total number of inmates in local, state, and federal jails and prisons as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
Over the past half-century, the number of adults under criminal justice supervision in creased precipitously in some Western countries, with carceral control in the United States reaching an unprecedented scale. While much of the scholarly attention has been focused on the development of mass incarceration, new research focuses on the parallel expansion of mass probation and, more broadly, mass supervision. In the United States, the number of adults on probation and parole supervision increased from one million in 1980 to a peak of nearly 5.1 million in 2007, more than double the number of inmates in local, state, and federal jails and prisons. Estimates from Europe in the late 2000s sug gest that there were approximately 3.5 million on community sanctions, compared to 2 million incarcerated. Individuals on these sanctions serve out their initial sentences (or remaining time after release from jail or prison) while residing in the community under the supervision of a probation or parole officer.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The culture of control: crime and social order in contemporary, society
TL;DR: GARLAND, 2001, p. 2, the authors argues that a modernidade tardia, esse distintivo padrão de relações sociais, econômicas e culturais, trouxe consigo um conjunto de riscos, inseguranças, and problemas de controle social that deram uma configuração específica às nossas respostas ao crime, ao garantir os altos custos das
Journal ArticleDOI
Marked: Race, Crime, and Finding Work in an Era of Mass Incarceration. By Devah Pager. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007. Pp. xiii+248. $25.00.
Journal ArticleDOI
Locked out: felon disenfranchisement and American democracy
TL;DR: Manza and Uggen as discussed by the authors show empirically that former felons do not significantly threaten to corrupt or taint political systems, and that the denial of voting rights does not clearly serve some established purpose of punishment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arresting Citizenship: The Democratic Consequences of American Crime Control
TL;DR: The Limits of Marriage as mentioned in this paper argues that marriage is not a matter of making good or bad choices but about the choices many of us don't really have, and it is to promote greater opportunity to expand the choice set that will allow us to pursue our aspirations (or not) for a fulfilling marriage and satisfying family life.
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Book
The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness
TL;DR: The mass incarceration of a disproportionate number of black men amounts to a devastating system of racial control in the UK as much as in the US as mentioned in this paper, despite the triumphant dismantling of the Jim Crow laws, the system that once forced African-Americans into a segregated second-class citizenship still haunts and the criminal justice system still unfairly targets black men.
Book
The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society
TL;DR: A history of modern criminal justice and the Penal-Welfare state can be found in this paper, with a focus on the culture of high crime and the New Culture of Crime Control.
Book
Making Good: How Ex-Convicts Reform and Rebuild Their Lives
TL;DR: Maruna as discussed by the authors argues that to truly understand offenders, we must understand the stories that they tell - and that in turn this story-making process has the capacity to transform lives, and provides a fascinating narrative analysis of the lives of repeat offenders who, by all statistical measures, should have continued on the criminal path but instead have created lives of productivity and purpose.
Journal ArticleDOI
The culture of control: crime and social order in contemporary, society
TL;DR: GARLAND, 2001, p. 2, the authors argues that a modernidade tardia, esse distintivo padrão de relações sociais, econômicas e culturais, trouxe consigo um conjunto de riscos, inseguranças, and problemas de controle social that deram uma configuração específica às nossas respostas ao crime, ao garantir os altos custos das
Book
Punishing the Poor: The Neoliberal Government of Social Insecurity
TL;DR: The punitive turn of penal policy in the United States after the acme of the Civil Rights movement responds not to rising criminal insecurity but to the social insecurity spawned by the fragmentation of wage labor and the shakeup of the ethnoracial hierarchy.