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Territórios sociais e povos tradicionais no Brasil: por uma antropologia da territorialidade

Paul E. Little
- Vol. 28, Iss: 1, pp 251-290
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TLDR
The notion of "povos tradicionais" was introduced by as discussed by the authors, who defined a set of categories of "territorios sociais" in Brazil: "Terras Indigenas", "Remanescentes das Comunidades dos Quilombos" and "Reservas Extrativistas".
Abstract
Neste artigo, o vinculo entre as diversidades fundiaria e sociocultural no Brasil e analisado por meio de abordagem cosmografica e historica da territorialidade. As multiplas fronteiras em expansao no Brasil Colonial provocaram inumeros processos de resistencia, fuga, mesticagem e etnogenese por parte dos povos indigenas e negros escravizados, resultando em uma grande variedade de “territorios sociais” nao reconhecidos formalmente. No seculo XX, as categorias territoriais de “Terras Indigenas”, “Remanescentes das Comunidades dos Quilombos” e “Reservas Extrativistas” foram criadas, as quais misturaram elementos do marco juridico do Estado com as formas tradicionais de territorialidade. Nesse contexto, os regimes de propriedade comum, o pertencimento afetivo a lugares especificos e a memoria coletiva desse pertencimento formam o cerne empirico do conceito de “povos tradicionais”, ao mesmo tempo que ele se transforma em uma categoria politica usada endogenamente por povos indigenas, quilombolas, seringueiros, caicaras e outros grupos para defender seus direitos territoriais.

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