Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of the initial phase of a magnetic storm upon the outer Van Allen belt
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In this paper, the longitudinal invariant of the motion of charged particles trapped in magnetic dipole fields and a compressed dipole field was calculated for the case of an image dipole at a distance 2Z from the dipole axis.Abstract:
The results are given for calculatioan of the longitudinal invariant of the motion of charged particles trapped in a magnetic dipole field and a compressed dipole field. The variation of the longitudinal invariant with the latitude of intersection of the line of force with the earth's surface between 50- and 80 deg was calculated for a dipole field and for a field compressed by an image dipole at a distance 2Z from the dipole axis (Z being the distance from the axis to the front of the charged plane). The results of the calculation are shown graphically to a mirror height of 1000 km. The magnetic field strength is given as a function of the elevation of the mirror point. (B.O.G.)read more
Citations
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Nightside magnetosphere configuration as obtained from trapped electrons at 1100 kilometers.
D. J. Williams,Gilbert D. Mead +1 more
TL;DR: The night side magnetosphere configuration obtained from polar orbiting satellite 1963 38C data on trapped electrons at 1100 km is described in detail in this article, where the authors present a model of the magnetosphere of the Earth's magnetosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Peculiarities in the auroral distribution and magnetic disturbance distribution in high latitudes caused by the asymmetrical form of the magnetosphere
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the dependence of the frequency distribution of auroral displays in the zenith on latitude and on local time in magnetically quiet (Kp⩽1) and magnetically disturbed (k p⩾5) periods using observational data from the all-sky camera network in the northern hemisphere for 1957-1959.
Journal ArticleDOI
A large diurnal variation of the geomagnetically trapped radiation
TL;DR: In this paper, the satellite Injun 1 was used to find the high-latitude termination of trapping of electrons with energy E≳40 kev at 1000-km altitude over North America.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-Latitude Boundary of the Outer Radiation Zone at 1000 KM
I. B. McDiarmid,J. R. Burrows +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the average highlatitude boundary of the outer radiation zone at 1000 km as a function of local time was determined using particle detectors on the Alouette satellite.
Journal ArticleDOI
Distortions in the radiation cavity as measured by an 1100-kilometer polar orbiting satellite.
D. J. Williams,W. F. Palmer +1 more
TL;DR: Distortions in spatial distribution of high energy electrons observed by polar orbiting satellite observed by Polar orbiting satellite was reported in this paper, where the spatial distribution was modeled as a Gaussian distribution.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hydromagnetic theory of geomagnetic storms
A. J. Dessler,Eugene N. Parker +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a hydromagnetic theory is presented which explains the average characteristics of geomagnetic storms and the recovery from the main phase is attributed to the relief of the stress on the magnetic field by the transfer of the energy of the trapped protons to neutral hydrogen by means of ion-atom charge exchange.
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Geomagnetic storm theory
TL;DR: A discussion of the two-gas theory of the transmission of geomagnetic disturbances through the atmosphere (to several earth radii) is extended, with the following results as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Transmission of Geomagnetic Disturbances through the Atmosphere and Interplanetary Space
TL;DR: The theory of the propagation of slowly varying electromagnetic disturbances through partially ionized gas is developed and applied to the Earth's atmosphere and interplanetary space as discussed by the authors, where the medium must be regarded as two separate, coexisting gases, an electron-ion plasma and neutral atoms which move to some extent independently.
Journal ArticleDOI
Some properties of the van allen radiation
A. J. Dessler,Robert Karplus +1 more
TL;DR: The results of the observations of the outer zone (the electron belt) of the Van Allen radiation belt made with Explorer IV and Explorer VI satellites are shown to be inconsistent with the solar injection hypothesis as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antarctic auroral observations, Ellsworth Station, 1957
TL;DR: Auroral observations made during the Antarctic winter of 1957 are summarized in this paper, where daily variation, east-west drift, and hydrogen emission are discussed, and a comparison of observations made at Ellsworth and the South Pole evidence is obtained of a spiraling zone of maximum auroral activity.