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The Netherlands and World War II, Jews and suicide

Wout Ultee, +2 more
- pp 73-92
TLDR
In the Netherlands during World War II, suicide rates for Jews were higher in 1942 than in 1940 and even higher in 1943 than in 1942 as mentioned in this paper, and Jewish women were more likely to die of suicide than Dutch men.
Abstract
World War II in the Netherlands lasted from May 1940 to May 1945. Suicide numbers peaked in these months, in the first case because of suicide by Jews, and in the second case because of suicide by collaborators with the German occupier. Suicide rates for Jews were higher in 1942 than in 1940 and even higher in 1943 than in 1942. Foreign Jews were more likely to die of suicide than Dutch Jews, and Jewish women more than Jewish men. Suicide of non-Jews was lower in the intermittent war years than in the years before and after World War II.

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Where war met peace: The borders of the neutral Netherlands with Belgium and Germany in the First World War, 1914 - 1918

TL;DR: The Dutch land border became the country's most important neutrality frontier, functioning as the geographical place where neutrality began and ended, which necessitated increased border security, witnessed new border-crossing activities, and ensured that life for border residents changed dramatically.
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«Under krigen holdt vi sammen». Norske og svenske suicidrater 1940–45

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Intelligence and Security in the Netherlands and Belgium: A Historical Comparison

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