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Journal ArticleDOI

The tissue-equivalence of the Alderson Rando anthropomorphic phantom for x-rays of diagnostic qualities.

P C Shrimpton, +2 more
- 01 Jan 1981 - 
- Vol. 26, Iss: 1, pp 133-139
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors compare depth-dose profiles in an Alderson Rando phantom and a similarly shaped phantom of water which closely simulates the attenuation properties of human muscle.
Abstract: 
Comparative measurements were made of depth-dose profiles in an Alderson Rando phantom and a similarly shaped phantom of water which closely simulates the attenuation properties of human muscle. Measurements were carried out at three different kV settings of the X-ray generator, covering the lower-energy range of normal diagnostic practice over which attenuation differences are likely to be most important. The results show that whilst the Alderson phantom can undoubtedly be extremely useful in medical dosimetry, corrections to the dose distributions observed for diagnostic qualities of radiation may sometimes be necessary to allow for departures from tissue-equivalence.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Dose reduction in maxillofacial imaging using low dose Cone Beam CT

Kostas Tsiklakis, +5 more
- 01 Dec 2005 - 
TL;DR: The use of CBCT for maxillofacial imaging results in a reduced absorbed and effective dose and the use of lead shielding leads to a further reduction of the absorbed doses of thyroid and cervical spine, as well as the effective dose.
Journal ArticleDOI

Advances in kilovoltage x-ray beam dosimetry

Robin Hill, +6 more
- 28 Feb 2014 - 
TL;DR: This topical review provides an up-to-date overview of the theoretical and practical aspects of therapeutic kilovoltage x-ray beam dosimetry and provides recommendations for clinical measurements based on the literature to date.
Journal ArticleDOI

Comparison of effective dose to children and adults from dual X-ray absorptiometry examinations.

Glen M. Blake, +2 more
- 01 Jun 2006 - 
TL;DR: Although doses from child DXA examinations are low, it is still important to keep them as small as possible by setting appropriate values of the scan length before scan acquisition and by avoiding mistakes that lead to scans having to be unnecessarily repeated.
Journal ArticleDOI

Quantitative assessment of selective in-plane shielding of tissues in computed tomography through evaluation of absorbed dose and image quality

Jacob Geleijns, +5 more
- 08 Apr 2006 - 
TL;DR: The observed reduction of organ dose and total energy imparted could be achieved more efficiently by a reduction of tube current, and the application of in-plane selective shielding is therefore discouraged.
Journal ArticleDOI

16-detector multislice CT: dosimetry estimation by TLD measurement compared with Monte Carlo simulation

Ashley M. Groves, +6 more
- 01 Aug 2004 - 
TL;DR: Estimating CT dose on a 16-detector unit directly using thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLDs) and an anthropomorphic phantom found that the dose measured directly was 18% higher than the computer simulated dosimetry, in keeping with the previously recognised underestimation by computer simulation techniques compared with TLD measurements.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Tissue substitutes in experimental radiation physics

D. R. White
- 01 Nov 1978 - 
TL;DR: In this review of tissue substitute materials, the historical development of the important systems is traced from the early 1900's and recommendations of systems having useful simulation properties are given.
Journal Article

An instrumented phantom system for analog computation of treatment plans.

S W Alderson, +3 more
- 01 Jan 1962 - 
Journal ArticleDOI

A TLD system based on lithium borate for the measurement of doses to patients undergoing medical irradiation

W A Langmead, +1 more
- 01 Jan 1976 - 
TL;DR: Preliminary measurements on solid glassy discs of lithium borate suggest that this form of the material may in some respects be superior for patient dosimetry, suggesting its closer approximation to soft tissue and its low cost.