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Threshold Selection Techniques, 5.

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TLDR
In this article, a histogram of picture gray levels is used for sharp localizing the valley between two peaks on histograms of image gray levels, which is based on histogramming the gray levels of points at which the value of some digital gradient operator lies in a high percentile range.
Abstract
: Some further methods of sharply localizing the valley between two peaks on a histogram of picture gray levels are investigated. These methods are based on histogramming the gray levels of just those picture points at which the value of some digital gradient operator lies in a high percentile range. The thresholds obtained are not the same as those found with an earlier, Laplacian-based method, but they appear to be equally satisfactory. Outlining of the objects can be accomplished by outputting a narrow range of near-threshold gray levels as black, and all gray levels outside this range as white.

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TL;DR: This survey summarizes some of the proposed segmentation techniques in the area of biomedical image segmentation, which fall into the categories of characteristic feature thresholding or clustering and edge detection.
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Processing translational motion sequences

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Evaluation of automated threshold selection methods for accurately sizing microscopic fluorescent cells by image analysis.

TL;DR: The results indicated that thresholds determined visually and by first-derivative methods tended to overestimate the threshold, causing an underestimation of microsphere size.
Journal ArticleDOI

Automatic multithreshold selection

TL;DR: A recursive technique for multiple threshold selection on digital images is described, which may be recursively applied first using only those pixels whose intensities are smaller than the threshold and then only those pixel whose intensity values are larger than thereshold.