Journal ArticleDOI
Toxic marine phytoplankton, zooplankton grazers, and pelagic food webs
TLDR
In most interactions of toxic phytoplankters with grazers and other marine food-web components, outcomes are situation-specific, and extrapolation of results from one set of circumstances to another may be inappropriate.Abstract:
Interactions between toxic phytoplankton and their zooplankton grazers are complex. Some zooplankters ingest some toxic phytoplankters with no apparent harm, whereas others are deleteriously affected. Phycotoxins vary in their modes of action, levels of toxicity and solubility, and affect grazers in different ways. Beyond effects on direct grazers, toxins may accumulate in and be transferred through marine food webs, affecting consumers at higher trophic levels, including fish, seabirds, and marine mammals. Grazers of toxic phytoplankton include protists as well as metazoans, and the impact of zooplankton grazing on development or termination of toxic blooms is poorly understood. In most interactions of toxic phytoplankters with grazers and other marine food-web components, outcomes are situation-specific, and extrapolation of results from one set of circumstances to another may be inappropriate.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Effects of Harmful Algal Blooms on Aquatic Organisms
TL;DR: The Effects of Harmful Algal Blooms on Aquatic Organisms: Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 113-390 as mentioned in this paper was the first publication of this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms: causes, consequences, and controls.
TL;DR: In this article, the applicability and feasibility of various controls and management approaches for natural waters and drinking water supplies are discussed, and a key underlying approach that should be considered in almost all instances is nutrient (both N and P) input reductions; which have been shown to effectively reduce cyanobacterial biomass, and therefore limit health risks and frequencies of hypoxic events.
Journal ArticleDOI
Harmful algal blooms: Their ecophysiology and general relevance to phytoplankton blooms in the sea
TL;DR: HAB flagellates exhibit significant ecophysiological differences when compared to diatoms, including greater biophysical vulnerability to turbulence, greater bloom dependence on water-mass stratification, greater nutritional diversity involving mixotrophic tendencies, greater potential use of allelochemical mechanisms in interspecific competition and antipredation defenses, and unique behaviorial consequences of their motility.
Book ChapterDOI
Primary Production by Phytoplankton and Microphytobenthos in Estuaries
Journal ArticleDOI
Growth, feeding and ecological roles of the mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates in marine planktonic food webs
TL;DR: A new marine planktonic food web focusing on mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates is suggested and an insight is provided on the roles of din oflageLLates in the food web.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A review of harmful algal blooms and their apparent global increase
TL;DR: The role of dissolved organic nitrogen in phytoplankton nutrition, cell biology and ecology, and the status of generic concepts in coralline algae (Rhodophyta) are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological Roulette: The Global Transport of Nonindigenous Marine Organisms
TL;DR: Plankton samples from Japanese ballast water released in Oregon contained 367 taxa, and most taxa with a planktonic phase in their life cycle were found in ballastWater, as were all major marine habitat and trophic groups.
Book
Fluctuations in the Great Fisheries of Northern Europe: Viewed in the Light of Biological Research
Journal ArticleDOI
Nuisance phytoplankton blooms in coastal, estuarine, and inland waters1
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify and address general applicable criteria for deeming a water body “bloom sensitive” and incorporate such criteria into the design of water quality management strategies applicable to both coastal marine and freshwater habitats.