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Transgender in India: A Semiotic and Reception Analysis of Bollywood Movies

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TLDR
In this paper, the authors analyzed two transgender themed films and the audience reception of those representations by 20 members of the transgender community, and applied syntagmatic and paradigmatic analyses to understand how images are used to represent and relay information to the audience.
Abstract
The transgender community in India, commonly known as hijras, consists of people who were born as males but address themselves as females. They have been considered as the third gender in India for millennia and have had specific religious and sociocultural values and roles, but are forced to live in shadows in this day and age. Isolation of this community is also reflected in the way transgender characters are represented in Indian entertainment media. The study analyses two transgender themed films semiotically and the audience reception of those representations by 20 members of the transgender community. Semiotics is a helpful tool to understand the ways signs communicate ideas to viewers. This study applies syntagmatic and paradigmatic analyses to understand how images are used to represent and relay information to the audience. Reception theory along with double colonization has been incorporated in this study to analyse the ways in which the transgender community interprets the representations in entertainment media.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color

TL;DR: This paper explored the race and gender dimensions of violence against women of color and found that the experiences of women of colour are often the product of intersecting patterns of racism and sexism, and how these experiences tend not to be represented within the discourse of either feminism or antiracism.
Book ChapterDOI

Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics

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Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment

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Key concepts in post-colonial studies

TL;DR: The authors provides a key to understanding the issues which characterize post-colonialism, explaining what it is, where it is encountered, and why it is crucial in forging new cultural identities.
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