Journal ArticleDOI
Trends in testing in the USA
Eva L. Baker,Regie Stites +1 more
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In this article, the authors trace the development of testing policies in the USA and focus on the use of academic tests of aptitude and achievement, concluding that testing policy is a result of a subtle interplay of social, political, and technical factors.Abstract:
This chapter traces the development of testing policies in the USA and focuses on the use of academic tests of aptitude and achievement. The thesis of the chapter is that testing policy is a result of a subtle interplay of social, political, and technical factors. Thus, the nature of the development of testing in the USA is linked fundamentally to its democratic principles, the emergence of scientific ideas, and the social and economic reality of an immigrant and heterogeneous society. Conflicts among these factors have shaped the day to day reality of testing and its use in the US system. The chapter is organized into sections chronologically. Each attempts to provide an integrated discussion of social and political contexts and explicit motives for US test development as well as, where appropriate, technical summaries of the major features of the assessment themselves. This approach is structured to illuminate the recurring themes that have influenced or are likely to influence future US testing practic...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The impact of high stakes testing: the Australian story
TL;DR: High stakes testing in Australia was introduced in 2008 by way of the National Assessment Program -Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) as mentioned in this paper, where every year all students in Years 3, 5, 7 and 9 are ass...
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Performance Assessment and Equity: a view from the USA
Eva L. Baker,Harold F. O'Neil +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, performance assessment and equity: a view from the USA is discussed, with a focus on the assessment in education: Principles, Policy & Practice: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 11-26.
Book ChapterDOI
Learning, Achievement, and Assessment: Constructs at a Crossroads
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the interrelationship of learning, achievement, and assessment in the world of education and propose a conceptual definition of assessment, and a new conceptualization of assessment in which assessment is viewed as a special case of research design.
Journal ArticleDOI
Examining the Streams of a Retention Policy To Understand the Politics of High-Stakes Reform
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze how key actors within the state of Wisconsin understood the need to construct and implement the state's No Social Promotion statutes to improve students' academic performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Educational Politics and Policy: And the Game Goes On.
TL;DR: The game goes on as mentioned in this paper : Educational politics and policy: and the game go on, and the games go on. Journal of Education Policy: Vol. 9, No. 5, pp. 201-212
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Learning From Experience: Lessons From Policy Implementation
TL;DR: The first generation of implementation analysts discovered the problem of policy implementation, the uncertain relationship between policies and implemented programs, and sketched its broad parameters as discussed by the authors, and the second generation began to unpack implementation processes and zero in on relations between policy and practice.
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Instructional technology and the measurement of learing outcomes: Some questions.
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Toward Assessment of Cognitive and Conative Structures in Learning
TL;DR: In this paper, new conceptions of aptitude, learning, development, and achievement, both cognitive and conative, are identified and some new ideas about their assessment are reviewed. And a rough table of these constructs is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nationally Normed Elementary Achievement Testing in America's Public Schools: How All 50 States Are Above the National Average
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a challenge to specialists in educational measurement both to better account for the phenomenon and to find better ways of explaining test results to the public, which is a challenge for all of us.