Journal ArticleDOI
Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications.
Lee Anna Clark,David Watson +1 more
TLDR
In this article, a tripartite structure consisting of general distress, physiological hyperarousal (specific anxiety), and anhedonia (specific depression), and a diagnosis of mixed anxiety-depression was proposed.Abstract:
We review psychometric and other evidence relevant to mixed anxiety-depression. Properties of anxiety and depression measures, including the convergent and discriminant validity of self- and clinical ratings, and interrater reliability, are examined in patient and normal samples. Results suggest that anxiety and depression can be reliably and validly assessed; moreover, although these disorders share a substantial component of general affective distress, they can be differentiated on the basis of factors specific to each syndrome. We also review evidence for these specific factors, examining the influence of context and scale content on ratings, factor analytic studies, and the role of low positive affect in depression. With these data, we argue for a tripartite structure consisting of general distress, physiological hyperarousal (specific anxiety), and anhedonia (specific depression), and we propose a diagnosis of mixed anxiety-depression.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: An updated literature review
TL;DR: HADS was found to perform well in assessing the symptom severity and caseness of anxiety disorders and depression in both somatic, psychiatric and primary care patients and in the general population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample.
TL;DR: Lovibond et al. as discussed by the authors examined the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS; S. H. Lovibond & P. F. Lempitsky, 1995) and the 21-item short form of these measures, and found that the DASS distinguishes well between features of depression, physical arousal, and psychological tension and agitation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) developed and tested its first wave of adult self-reported health outcome item banks: 2005-2008
David Cella,William T. Riley,Arthur A. Stone,Nan E. Rothrock,Bryce B. Reeve,Susan Yount,Dagmar Amtmann,Rita K. Bode,Daniel J. Buysse,Seung W. Choi,Karon F. Cook,Robert F. DeVellis,Darren A. DeWalt,James F. Fries,Richard Gershon,Elizabeth A. Hahn,Jin Shei Lai,Paul A. Pilkonis,Dennis A. Revicki,Matthias Rose,Kevin P. Weinfurt,Ron D. Hays +21 more
TL;DR: The first large-scale testing of PROMIS item banks and their short forms provide evidence that they are reliable and precise measures of generic symptoms and functional reports comparable to legacy instruments.
Journal ArticleDOI
The positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS): construct validity, measurement properties and normative data in a large non-clinical sample.
TL;DR: The PANAS is a reliable and valid measure of the constructs it was intended to assess, although the hypothesis of complete independence between PA and NA must be rejected and the utility of this measure is enhanced by the provision of large-scale normative data.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED): Scale Construction and Psychometric Characteristics
Boris Birmaher,Suneeta Khetarpal,David A. Brent,Marlane Cully,Lisa Balach,Joan Kaufman,Sandra Mc Kenzie Neer +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a reliable and valid child and parent self-report instrument to screen children with anxiety disorders using an 85-item questionnaire, which was administered to 341 outpatient children and adolescents and 300 parents.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
TL;DR: The CES-D scale as discussed by the authors is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, which has been used in household interview surveys and in psychiatric settings.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
A. S. Zigmond,R. P. Snaith +1 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the introduction of the scales into general hospital practice would facilitate the large task of detection and management of emotional disorder in patients under investigation and treatment in medical and surgical departments.
Journal ArticleDOI
An inventory for measuring depression
TL;DR: The difficulties inherent in obtaining consistent and adequate diagnoses for the purposes of research and therapy have been pointed out and a wide variety of psychiatric rating scales have been developed.
Journal ArticleDOI
A rating scale for depression
TL;DR: The present scale has been devised for use only on patients already diagnosed as suffering from affective disorder of depressive type, used for quantifying the results of an interview, and its value depends entirely on the skill of the interviewer in eliciting the necessary information.
Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
TL;DR: The STAI as mentioned in this paper is an indicator of two types of anxiety, the state and trait anxiety, and measure the severity of the overall anxiety level, which is appropriate for those who have at least a sixth grade reading level.