Ultrastructure of rumen bacterial attachment to forage cell walls.
TLDR
In the rumen ecosystem, bacteria appeared to adhere to plant substrates during degradation by capsule-like material and by small amounts of extracellular material, as well as by the other means not observable by electron microscopy.Abstract:
The degradation of forage cell walls by rumen bacteria was investigated with critical-point drying/scanning electron microscopy and ruthenium red staining/transmission electron microscopy. Differences were observed in the manner of attachment of different morphological types of rumen bacteria to plant cell walls during degradation. Cocci, constituting about 22% of the attached bacteria, appeared to be attached to degraded plant walls via capsule-like substances averaging 58 nm in width (range, 21 to 84 nm). Many bacilli appeared to adhere to forage substrates without distinct capsule-like material, although unattached bacteria with capsules were observed occasionally. Certain bacili appeared to be attached to degraded tissue via small amounts of extracellular material, but others apparently had no extracellular material. Bacilli with a distinct morphology due to an irregularly folded, electron-dense outer layer or layers (about 15 nm thick) and without fibrous extracellular material consituted about 37% of the attached bacteria and were observed to adhere so closely to degraded plant walls that the bacterial shape conformed to the shape of the degraded zone. In the rumen ecosystem, bacteria appeared to adhere to plant substrates during degradation by capsule-like material and by small amounts of extracellular material, as well as by the other means not observable by electron microscopy.read more
Citations
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In situ and Other Methods to Estimate Ruminal Protein and Energy Digestibility: A Review
TL;DR: This methodology offers a better way to simulate the rumen environment within a given feeding regimen, however, its usefulness will be dependent on the standardization of inherent variables associated with its conduct.
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Process considerations in the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass
TL;DR: The processes by which cellulases hydrolyse cellulose are a function of substrate reactivity as well as enzyme activity, and the two must be considered together if an accurate description of biomass saccharification is to be developed as discussed by the authors.
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Electron microscopy of bacteria involved in the digestion of plant cell walls
TL;DR: It is raised the exciting possibility that simple tests of colonization and digestion by specific cellulolytic bacteria (e.g. Bacteroides succinogenes) may provide the basis for the selection and optimization of treatments to increase the digestibility of barley straw, and later, even to provide theBased on the basis of the selection of barley cultivars whose straw is more easily digestible.
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Effect of phenolic monomers on ruminal bacteria.
TL;DR: Ruminal bacteria were subjected to a series of phenolic compounds in various concentrations to acquire fundamental information on the influence on growth and the potential limits to forage utilization by phenolic monomers.
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