Journal ArticleDOI
Usefulness of Blood Levels of Antiepileptic Drugs
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TLDR
Monitoring the blood levels of anti-epileptic drugs has increased the efficiency and safety of drug therapy in epilepsy, and facilitates individualization of dosage regimen, reveals irregular drug intake, and identifies the responsible agent in intoxicated patients on multiple drug therapy.Abstract:
Monitoring the blood levels of anti-epileptic drugs has increased the efficiency and safety of drug therapy in epilepsy. It facilitates individualization of dosage regimen, reveals irregular drug intake, and identifies the responsible agent In intoxicated patients on multiple drug therapy. Blood levels should not be adjusted arbitrarily, however, but used as information in formulating the clinical judgment for each patient. Effective and toxic blood level ranges, as well as the range of levels expected with a given dose (applicable to the majority of patients), are given for the major antiepileptic drugs. These include diphenylhydantoin, phenobarbital, primidone, ethosuximide, and carbamazepine. Indications for ordering blood level determinations are outlined.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A general method of compliance assessment using centralized pharmacy records. Description and validation.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the method of assessing compliance in obtaining medications is feasible in “managed care” settings, appears to be a valid correlate of drug effects, and may be useful in research and patient care.
Journal ArticleDOI
Memory Function in Focal Epilepsy: A Comparison of Non-Surgical, Unilateral Temporal Lobe and Frontal Lobe Samples
Richard C. Delaney,Richard C. Delaney,Alexander J. Rosen,Alexander J. Rosen,Richard H. Mattson,Richard H. Mattson,Robert A. Novelly,Robert A. Novelly +7 more
TL;DR: Three well-matched groups of non-surgical, pharmacologically controlled epileptic patients with unilateral seizure foci in either the left temporal lobe, the right temporal lobe or a frontal lobe, and a normal control group were compared on several verbal and non-verbal memory tasks, revealing significant impairment of verbal memory in left temporal epileptic subjects, and significant impairment in right temporal epilepsyptic subjects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Therapeutic drug monitoring of the newer antiepileptic drugs.
Svein I. Johannessen,Dina Battino,David J. Berry,Meir Bialer,Günter Krämer,Torbjörn Tomson,Philip N. Patsalos +6 more
TL;DR: Although routine monitoring of the newer antiepileptic drugs cannot be recommended at present, measurements of some of the drugs is undoubtedly of help with individualization of treatment in selected cases in a particular clinical setting.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Carbamazepine
TL;DR: A single daily dose of carbamazepine is insufficient; 2 doses per day are appropriate in most cases, but some patients may benefit from more frequent dosing to avoid side-effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth. A review of studies in the rat model
TL;DR: The results suggest that drug-induced gingival overgrowth in rats is dependent on the oral drug dose, blood drug level, age, and sex and that preexisting gedival inflammation is a factor relevant to its severity.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Protein binding of diphenylhydantoin and desmethylimipramine in plasma from patients with poor renal function.
TL;DR: The binding of DPH by plasma proteins from azotemic patients appears to be decreased, probably owing to a change in the binding proteins.
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Diphenylhydantoin Metabolism, Blood Levels, and Toxicity
TL;DR: Detailed data have been obtained relating symptoms and signs of toxicity to blood levels of diphenylhydantoin relating to the common signs of dose-related toxicity and defects in the metabolism of DiphenylHydantoin.
Journal Article
Studies on 5, 5'-diphenylhydantoin (dilantin) in animals and man.
TL;DR: In the rat, highest concentrations were found in the liver and fat, followed in order of decreasing concentration by the heart, spleen, kidney, lung and skeletal muscle, and red blood cells were found to contain Dilantin in approximately the same concentration as plasma.
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Quantitative estimation of diphenylhydantoin, primidone and phenobarbital in plasma by gas-liquid chromatography.
TL;DR: A gas-liquid Chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of phenobarbital, primidone and diphenylhydantoin in human plasma following therapeutic doses has been developed and has the advantages of specificity, sensitivity and simple derivative formation.
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Drug interactions in man. i. lowering effect of phenobarbital on plasma levels of bishydroxycoumarin (dicumarol) and diphenylhydantoin (dilantin)
TL;DR: The ability of a drug to stimulate its own metabolism or the metabolism of another drug appears to have important implications in clinical pharmacologic studies, as weU as to the problem of drug therapy in man.