How does the placement of viscous dampers affect the seismic performance of a structure?5 answersThe placement of viscous dampers significantly impacts the seismic performance of structures. Viscous dampers are effective in dissipating energy during dynamic vibrations, enhancing seismic performance by reducing displacements, velocities, and accelerations. Optimizing the placement of these dampers is crucial for maximizing their effectiveness in seismic events. New placement algorithms have been proposed to improve performance at different seismic hazard levels, considering both serviceability and ultimate limits. Additionally, the use of viscous dampers in value-based design optimization has shown promising results in enhancing the seismic resilience of structures while minimizing life cycle costs. Even in cases of leakage in viscous dampers, combined viscous-steel damping systems still exhibit reliable locking behavior and effective vibration mitigation under seismic loads.
How vibration effects friction?5 answersVibration has a significant impact on friction by reducing friction coefficients and forces between objects, leading to decreased energy consumption and abrasion. Studies have shown that under vibration, the friction of rubber surfaces can decrease, with higher amplitudes resulting in lower friction levels. Additionally, the application of mechanical vibration can modulate friction at both macro and nanoscales, offering a means to actively control friction without the need for external vibration sources. Furthermore, investigations into the effects of friction operation conditions and vibration parameters have revealed the transformation of friction states during vibration, highlighting the complex relationship between vibration, friction, and material behavior. Overall, vibration plays a crucial role in altering friction characteristics and can be utilized to reduce friction and enhance system efficiency.
How vibration effects the friction?5 answersVibration has a significant impact on friction by influencing the friction coefficient and friction force between surfaces. Research indicates that vibration can reduce the friction of rubber surfaces, with higher amplitudes leading to smaller friction levels. Additionally, studies show that the direction of vibration force projection plays a crucial role in the effective friction coefficient, with different quadrants affecting the gradient of friction reduction differently. At the nanoscale, the application of mechanical vibration through piezoelectric thin films can lead to a substantial reduction in friction, showcasing a linear correlation between vibrational amplitude and perturbation of sliding energy corrugation. Furthermore, superposed movements, such as in-plane translatory oscillations and rotational bore movements, have been found to lower macroscopic friction levels, especially when partial sliding is considered.
Can the optimization of friction damper configuration lead to improved seismic performance in buildings?5 answersOptimizing the configuration of friction dampers can indeed enhance the seismic performance of buildings. Various studies have explored different types of friction dampers, such as self-centering friction dampers (SCFDs), passive friction dampers with lead cores, and hysteretic damping tuned mass dampers (HD-TMDs). These dampers have shown promising results in reducing structural damage, controlling deformations, and dissipating seismic energy effectively. Additionally, the use of advanced optimization techniques like multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) has been proposed to design viscous dampers efficiently, leading to superior outcomes compared to traditional engineering solutions. By optimizing the design and configuration of friction dampers, buildings can achieve improved seismic performance, reduced manufacturing costs, and enhanced post-earthquake recoverability.
Why steel is used for dampers?5 answersSteel is commonly used for dampers due to its excellent energy dissipation capabilities and structural benefits. Steel yielding dampers, such as steel plate dampers and pipe dampers, are widely acknowledged for their effectiveness in minimizing structural damage during seismic events. Additionally, steel panel dampers (SPDs) with steel panels and elastic connecting segments are utilized in steel structures for their ductility and efficiency in high seismic regions. The combination of Rubber-Steel Core Dampers (R-SCD) with steel plate shear walls provides a cost-effective solution for enhancing seismic performance, where the steel components act as fuses to protect the main structural elements. Steel's strength, ductility, and energy absorption properties make it a preferred material for dampers in structures prone to seismic activity.
Who worked on the effects of lubrication on friction?4 answersThe effects of lubrication on friction were studied by several researchers. Gayatri Paul investigated the wear and friction characteristics of mating steel surfaces under the influence of different lubricants. Martin P. Lautenschlaeger et al. studied the effect of lubrication on a nanometric machining process using molecular dynamics simulations. Amir Torabi and M.H. Alidoosti focused on the friction reduction technique of lubrication and specifically studied the lubrication of non-Newtonian grease under point contact elastohydrodynamic conditions. Loïc Bertrand et al. examined the lubrication effect in the hot rolling process and its impact on the friction coefficient between work rolls and the strip.