What are the differences between typical sampling and homogeneous sampling techniques in research?4 answersTypical sampling techniques involve selecting a subset from a population to draw inferences, aiming for a representative sample. In contrast, homogeneous sampling focuses on selecting cases that share similar characteristics or traits, aiming to capture a specific subgroup within the population. While typical sampling aims for generalizability and statistical representativeness, homogeneous sampling is more concerned with capturing a specific phenomenon of interest without the need for broad generalizations. Both techniques play crucial roles in research, with typical sampling being more common in quantitative studies due to its emphasis on representativeness and generalizability, while homogeneous sampling is often utilized in qualitative research to delve deeply into specific characteristics or traits within a population.
What are the different types of probability sampling methods used in descriptive and correlational research?5 answersIn descriptive and correlational research, probability sampling methods play a crucial role in ensuring the accuracy and generalizability of study findings. These methods include simple random sampling, systematic random sampling, and stratified random sampling. Simple random sampling involves randomly selecting participants from the population, systematic random sampling selects every nth individual from a list, and stratified random sampling divides the population into subgroups before randomly selecting participants from each subgroup. These techniques help researchers in obtaining representative samples and making valid inferences about the population under study. By utilizing these probability sampling methods, researchers can enhance the reliability and validity of their research outcomes in descriptive and correlational studies.
Small sample in correlational research?5 answersSmall sample sizes in correlational research can have both advantages and disadvantages. On one hand, some argue that significant correlations are likely to replicate even with low statistical power, as the relationship between variables must be robust enough to be detected. On the other hand, small sample sizes can lead to "undue influence" of one or two data points on the fit of the data to the regression line, potentially affecting the replication of significant correlations. However, studies have shown that the structure of the informational environment can make small samples more informative than large ones for drawing inferences about population correlations. These studies suggest that small-sample advantages may occur under specific decision conditions. Overall, while small sample sizes can present challenges in correlational research, they can also provide valuable insights when analyzed in the appropriate context.
How reliable is non-probability sampling in research studies?3 answersNon-probability sampling in research studies is widely used due to its cost advantages, but its reliability is a subject of debate. Previous studies have shown that non-probability surveys are generally less accurate than probability surveys when compared with population benchmarks. However, the accuracy of non-probability surveys can vary depending on the variables included in the estimation. Adjusting non-probability surveys through techniques like raking can yield mixed results. Non-probability sampling methods are commonly used in quantitative health studies, but they may compromise best practices and limit the generalizability of findings. Non-probability samples can yield biased estimates due to unknown selection mechanisms, but statistical inference can be improved by incorporating data from other sources and using tailored regression residuals. While non-probability samples can be useful, their limitations should be assessed, mitigated, and clearly communicated.
Why is correlational study feasible in natural settings?4 answersCorrelational studies are feasible in natural settings because of certain moral qualms about laboratory research. Researchers are tending to look elsewhere than to laboratory manipulational studies due to these moral concerns. Conducting basic research in natural settings is not only attractive but also increasingly feasible and powerful in social psychology. By carrying out tests of predictions in natural settings, researchers can minimize the loss of essentials and still conduct theory-oriented research. Additionally, studying eye movements in natural settings is important because it allows for the collection of data in real-world environments, which poses different challenges than laboratory-based settings. Mobile eye trackers are often used in these studies, and researchers must carefully consider the reliability of the data collected in natural settings. Overall, conducting correlational studies in natural settings provides a more realistic and ethically acceptable approach to research.
What is correlational study?5 answersA correlational study is a type of research that measures the degree of interdependence between two or more variables. It aims to determine if there is a relationship or association between the variables, without establishing a cause-and-effect relationship. Correlational studies are often used in epidemiological research to analyze clustered or correlated data. These studies are particularly useful when it is not possible or ethical to manipulate the independent variables. By calculating the degree of correlation between variables, researchers can gain insights into the strength and direction of the relationship. Correlational studies can also be used to predict one variable based on knowledge of another variable. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation, as there may be other factors at play that influence the observed relationship.