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How are used Bessel beams in laser material processing? 


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Bessel beams are used in laser material processing for various applications. One application is the generation of structured laser beams with elongated focal areas and self-healing properties, which can be achieved using higher-order Bessel beams formed by axicons, spiral phase plates, or phase masks . These beams have advantages in laser micromachining of transparent materials due to their small central peak and elongated focal region . Another application is the generation of non-diffracting beams using femtosecond direct laser writing based on two-photon polymerization, which allows for the conversion of ideal Bessel beams into polymer phase plates . Additionally, high-order vector Bessel-Gauss beams generated using geometric-phase-based optical elements have been used for laser micromachining of transparent materials, creating three-dimensional tubular structures and testing etch selectivity . Alternative methods for generating Bessel beams include diffractive optical elements, sub-wavelength metasurfaces, and liquid crystals, which provide more flexibility in beam shaping .

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The paper discusses the use of Bessel beams in laser micro-machining applications, such as micro-channel fabrication and cutting of various glasses.
The paper discusses the use of high-order vector Bessel-Gauss beams for laser micromachining of transparent materials, specifically creating three-dimensional tubular structures in glass.
The paper does not specifically mention the use of Bessel beams in laser material processing. The paper focuses on the generation of Bessel beams using femtosecond direct laser writing technique for potential applications in optical communications, laser machining, and optical tweezers.
Bessel beams are used in laser material processing to induce directional cracking in transparent materials, as they provide advantages in laser micromachining due to their small central peak and elongated focal region.
Bessel beams are used in laser material processing to create structured laser beams with elongated focal areas and self-healing properties.

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