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How do cd, cu, pb and Zn adsorb on kaolinite? 

Scanning electron microscope
Thermogravimetry
Medicine
Intercalation (chemistry)
Polyvinyl alcohol
Best insight from top research papers

The adsorption of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn on kaolinite involves various mechanisms and conditions that influence their interaction with the clay mineral. For Cu, Pb, and Zn, kaolinite's adsorption capacities and mechanisms have been extensively studied, showing that these metal ions are likely adsorbed on the kaolinite surface, with Pb(II) and Cu(II) showing higher adsorption energies compared to Zn(II), indicating stronger interactions with the clay surface . The addition of zero-valent iron to kaolinite enhances its sorption capacity significantly for these metals, suggesting that the modification with zero-valent iron provides additional sites or mechanisms for metal ion adsorption . For Cd and Pb, intercalation polymerization modified kaolin materials have shown substantial increases in adsorption capacities, with the adsorption process being mainly chemical in nature for Pb2+ . The modification of kaolinite with a binary mixture of humic acid and geothite has also been found to increase its cation exchange capacity and specific surface area, which in turn enhances the adsorption of Pb2+, Cd2+, and other metal ions in both single and quinary metal ion systems . The adsorption energies calculated for Pb and Cd on meta-kaolinite indicate that the clay surface interacts differently with these metals compared to alkali metals, suggesting specific adsorption sites or mechanisms for heavy metals . The transformation of kaolin into its Na-form has been shown to affect the adsorption isotherms for Cu(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II), indicating that surface modifications can influence the adsorption behavior of these metals . Amino-functionalized magnetite/kaolin clay composites have demonstrated improved adsorption performance for Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ due to the complexing ability of the amino groups toward metal ions . Natural kaolinite clay has been used effectively for the adsorption of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+, with the process obeying a pseudo-second order kinetic model and fitting the Langmuir isotherm . Studies on the retention of Cu, Pb, and Zn on kaolinite have shown different adsorption responses, highlighting the complexity of the adsorption process and the influence of the clay's characteristics on metal uptake . Lastly, the adsorption isotherms for Zn(II) and Cu(II) on kaolinite have been analyzed, confirming the suitability of the Langmuir and Redlich–Peterson models for describing the adsorption process, which suggests a monolayer adsorption mechanism for these metals .

Answers from top 9 papers

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Papers (9)Insight
Journal Article•DOI
Comparison of linear and nonlinear forms of isotherm models for Zn(II) and Cu(II) sorption on a kaolinite
Shahram Shahmohammadi-Kalalagh, Hossein Babazadeh, Amirhossein Nazemi 
01 Jan 2015-Arabian Journal of Geosciences
9 Citations
Not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Sorption of Copper, Lead and Zinc on Kaolinite sediment material
Ibrahim. O
01 Jan 2013-IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology
Copper, lead, and zinc adsorb on kaolinite with varying affinities, while cadmium adsorption is not addressed in the study. Adsorption is influenced by the mass of kaolinite used.
Journal Article•DOI
Enhanced Removal of Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ by Amino-Functionalized Magnetite/Kaolin Clay
Qin Lilu, Liangguo Yan, Chen Jian, Tiantian Liu, Haiqin Yu, Bin Du 
30 Jun 2016-Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
73 Citations
Amino-functionalized magnetite/kaolin clay enhances Cd, Cu, and Pb adsorption due to amino groups' complexing ability, surpassing kaolin clay in heavy metal ion removal efficiency. Zn adsorption is not addressed.
Journal Article•DOI
Equilibrium Study of Heavy Metals Adsorption on Kaolin
Magdalena Matłok, R. Petrus, Jolanta Warchoł 
06 Jul 2015-Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
27 Citations
Cd, Cu, and Zn adsorption on kaolin is studied. Na-form kaolin alters adsorption behavior. Langmuir model quantifies binding sites specificity for individual metal ions. Pb adsorption is not addressed in the paper.
Journal Article•DOI
Adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ from Municipal Wastewater by Intercalation Polymerization Modified Kaolin
Hongfei Jin, Ya-Ling Wu, Yanzhong Li 
01 Oct 2022-Science of Advanced Materials
Cu2+ and Pb2+ adsorb on kaolinite through chemical adsorption, with adsorption capacities of 75.3 mg/g and 268.6 mg/g, respectively, following pseudo-second-order kinetics. Cd and Zn adsorption is not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Synthesis and characterization of kaolinite-based granular adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Zn(II), and Cr(VI) from contaminated water
Yurii Kholodko, Antonina I. Bondarieva, Viktoriia Tobilko, V.A. Pavlenko, Oleksandr Melnychuk, Vladislav Glukhovskyi 
30 Aug 2022-Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies
1 Citations
Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn adsorb on kaolinite-based granular adsorbents through a reaction layer of zero-valent iron, enhancing their sorption capacity for these heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Competitive adsorption of metal ions onto goethite–humic acid-modified kaolinite clay
Emmanuel I. Unuabonah, Bamidele I. Olu-Owolabi, Kayode O. Adebowale 
04 Feb 2016-International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
32 Citations
Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn adsorb on kaolinite modified with goethite-humic acid, showing competitive adsorption. Pb has a strong preference, while interactions between ions can be synergistic or antagonistic.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Typical Gaseous Semi-Volatile Metals Adsorption by Meta-Kaolinite: A DFT Study
Xinye Wang, Chen Min, Chen Min, Changqi Liu, Changsheng Bu, Jubing Zhang, Chuanwen Zhao, Yaji Huang 
30 Sep 2018-International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
15 Citations
Cd and Pb adsorb on meta-kaolinite surfaces, with CdO-Al and PbO-Al having similar adsorption energies. Cu and Zn adsorption is not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Comparison of microscopic adsorption characteristics of Zn(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) on kaolinite
Limei Tian, Kai-bin Fu, Shu Chen, Jun Yao, Liang Bian 
24 Sep 2022-Dental science reports
2 Citations
Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn adsorb on kaolinite by forming hybrid orbitals with O atoms on the surface, involving electron transfer and charge transfer directions, with varying adsorption energies and complex formations.

Related Questions

Why zinc could be used as a sorbent ?5 answersZinc can be utilized as a sorbent due to its effectiveness in removing contaminants like zinc ions from aqueous solutions. Research has shown that materials like lignin, plant biomass, and zinc ferrite magnetic nanoparticles have been successfully employed as sorbents for various purposes. Additionally, studies have highlighted the efficiency of novel green technologies like GCC adsorbent and Zn-Fe LDH in removing zinc from wastewater, showcasing the diverse applications of zinc-based sorbents. These sorbents offer advantages such as eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness, and high sorption capacities, making them attractive options for water and wastewater treatment processes. Therefore, zinc's ability to act as a sorbent stems from its unique properties that enable effective adsorption of contaminants from different environmental matrices.
Cu adsorption of heavy metals in soil?4 answersCu adsorption of heavy metals in soil is an important process for understanding the fate of heavy metals and assessing environmental risks. Several studies have investigated the adsorption behavior of Cu in different soils. Boscov et al. found that a semiarid Brazilian bentonitic soil had a high potential for Cu adsorption, with a maximum adsorption capacity similar to other Brazilian soils. Gharbia et al. studied Cu adsorption in quartz sand and found that the adsorption capacity reached its peak value at an initial concentration of about 10 mg/L. Yang et al. developed machine learning models to predict Cu adsorption on soils and found that the gradient boosting decision tree had the best performance. Huang et al. investigated the influence of LDHs and microplastics on Cu adsorption in soil and found that the presence of LDHs increased the adsorption capacity. He et al. evaluated the ability of CaCO3 and clay to accumulate Cu in soil and found that increasing CaCO3 content enhanced Cu adsorption.
Is kaolinite goood for dye degradation?5 answersKaolinite has been studied for its potential in dye degradation. Studies have shown that the addition of kaolinite to photocatalysts such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) can enhance their photocatalytic properties. TiO2-activated kaolinite composites have been found to be more efficient in degrading dyes compared to sole TiO2. The adsorption capacity of kaolinite for anionic dyes has also been investigated, and it has been found to be effective in the removal of anionic dyes in aqueous solutions. Additionally, the combination of kaolinite with other nanoparticles, such as barium strontium titanate (BST), has been studied for its photocatalytic properties. However, the presence of kaolinite in BST nanocomposites has been found to decrease the decolorization efficiency. Overall, kaolinite shows promise as a material for dye degradation, both as a standalone adsorbent and as a component in composite photocatalysts.
How does calcium silicate work as adsorbent for Zinc?3 answersCalcium silicate works as an adsorbent for zinc by immobilizing the Zn2+ ions through the adsorption process. The interaction between zinc ions and the hydrated calcium silicate surface occurs through the desorption of calcium ions, resulting in a negative charge on the hydrated calcium silicate matrix. This negative charge allows for the adsorption of Zn2+ ions through coulombic force, leading to the immobilization of zinc. The adsorption capacity of calcium silicate for zinc can be enhanced by doping it with zinc oxide (ZnO), which increases its adsorption capacity for zinc ions. The calcium silicate composite doped with ZnO has shown potential for application in cases of tramadol-induced seizures, as it not only resolves the seizures but also detoxifies the blood.
What are the different methods to prepare metal oxide adsorbents?5 answersMetal oxide adsorbents can be prepared using various methods. One method involves acquiring an organic solvent in which a metal is dispersed, mixing it with water to form a metal hydroxide, and then performing solid-liquid separation and calcination to obtain the metal oxide. Another method involves synthesizing magnetic adsorbents based on metallic oxides, carbon matrix, graphene oxide, zeolites, polymer beads, and bioadsorbents through the coprecipitation method. Additionally, a method for preparing a heavy metal adsorbent includes using raw materials such as algal, kelp, pomelo peel, chitosan, activated carbon, stalk, coal powder, nanometer ferric oxide, nanometer ferroferric oxide, and polyether imides, and performing crushing, blending, microwave reaction, filtration, and screening to obtain the finished product. Another method utilizes industrial wastes such as steel slag, desulfurized gypsum, activated carbon, and chitosan, and involves pre-treating the wastes, roasting them at high temperature, and crushing and granulating to prepare the heavy metal adsorbent.
Why kaolinite tends to flocculate instead of dispersed?5 answersKaolinite tends to flocculate instead of dispersing due to several factors. The settling characteristics of kaolinite are influenced by pH and ion concentration. In acidic pH, kaolinite particles form flocs in an edge-to-face structure, leading to flocculated settling. On the other hand, in alkaline pH with low ionic strength, kaolinite particles settle in a dispersed form. However, when the ionic strength is increased in alkaline pH, kaolinite particles flocculate. The interaction between kaolinite and dispersants also plays a role in flocculation. Sodium silicate, a commonly used dispersant, has a weak effect on the colloid stability of kaolinite particles. In contrast, low molecular weight polyacrylic acid shows a strong dispersive effect on kaolinite, making it a promising dispersant. The crystal structure of kaolinite, with negatively charged silica and alumina planes, also contributes to flocculation behavior. Additionally, the surface morphology and crystallinity of kaolinite affect its settling rates and bed densities.

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