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How does cholesterol affect the permeability acorss phospholipid bilayer?

Oxygen transport

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Cholesterol significantly impacts the permeability across phospholipid bilayers. Studies show that high levels of cholesterol in lipid membranes lead to a notable decrease in permeability . The presence of cholesterol induces a reduction in membrane permeability induced by ionic liquids, with higher cholesterol content resulting in a more pronounced effect. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that cholesterol reduces oxygen permeability through phospholipid bilayers, indicating an underestimation of resistance to oxygen permeation in the phospholipid headgroup region in experimental studies . Overall, cholesterol plays a crucial role in modulating the permeability of phospholipid bilayers, impacting the diffusion of gases and other molecules across the membrane.

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Journal Article•DOI Atomistic Simulations Modify Interpretation of Spin-Label Oximetry Data. Part 1: Intensified Water–Lipid Interfacial Resistances Gary Angles, Angela Hail, Rachel J. Dotson, Sally C. Pias - Show less +3 more 01 Oct 2021-Applied Magnetic Resonance 2 Citations	Cholesterol increases resistance to oxygen permeation in the headgroup region of phospholipid bilayers, reducing permeability compared to bilayers without cholesterol, as shown by atomistic simulations and experimental validation.
Open access•Posted Content•DOI Role of Cholesterol in Interaction of Ionic Liquid with Model Lipid Membranes and Associated Permeability 13 Jan 2023 1 Citations	Cholesterol reduces membrane permeability across phospholipid bilayers by increasing membrane rigidity, leading to lower leakage induced by ionic liquids, as observed in the study.
Open access•Posted Content•DOI A method for detection of permeation events in Molecular Dynamics simulations of lipid bilayers Camilo Crs, Ruggiero, de Araujo As - Show less +2 more 21 Jan 2021-bioRxiv 1 Citations	Cholesterol reduces water molecule permeation events across phospholipid bilayers by compacting the bilayer, making it denser and hindering water diffusion.
Open access•Posted Content•DOI Effect of cholesterol on permeability of carbon dioxide across lipid membranes Matthew C. Blosser, So J, Madani M, Noah Malmstadt - Show less +3 more 17 Nov 2020-bioRxiv 1 Citations	Cholesterol significantly reduces permeability across phospholipid bilayers; membranes with high cholesterol levels are about ten times less permeable to CO2 compared to those without cholesterol.

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