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How does crude protein, crude fat, crude ash affect resistant starch development in rice?

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Crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash content in rice can influence the development of resistant starch (RS). The presence of lipids and proteins in rice flour can competitively bind to amylose, potentially reducing the recrystallization of amylose and affecting RS formation. Additionally, non-starch components like proteins and lipids play a role in RS formation. Analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) can provide insights into the physicochemical properties of rice grains during RS development, including changes in structural, thermal, and pasting properties. Furthermore, altering the expression of starch-synthesis-related genes (SSRGs) like SBE and SS3/SSIII can impact the composition and structure of starch, potentially enhancing RS content in rice endosperm.

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Open access•Journal Article•DOI Creating high-resistant starch rice by simultaneous editing of SS3a and SS3b. Lichun Carl Huang, Ying Xiao, Y.S.V.S.Joga Rao, Zhengwen Gu, Xiaolei Fan, Qianfeng Li, Changquan Zhang, Qiaoquan Liu - Show less +7 more 01 May 2023-Plant Biotechnology Journal 1 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Journal Article•DOI Effect of dry heat treatment on the development of resistant starch in rice (Oryza sativa) and barnyard millet (Echinochloa furmantacea) Sasi Praba Kanagaraj, Divya Ponnambalam, Usha Antony - Show less +2 more 01 Jul 2019-Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 12 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Journal Article•DOI Rice Starch Phase Transition and Detection During Resistant Starch Formation Bijendra Sahoo, Ankanksha Kumari, Shubhajit Sarkhel, Shipra Jha, Arunima Mukherjee, Mahima Jain, Anand Mohan, Anupam Sigha Roy - Show less +7 more 05 Jan 2023-Food Reviews International	Not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Dissertation•DOI Resistant rice starch development 16 Jun 2022 2 Citations	Crude protein and crude fat in rice flour may compete with amylose, reducing resistant starch yields. Crude ash's impact on resistant starch development in rice is not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Resistant starch formation in rice: Genetic regulation and beyond Lisha Shen, Jiayang Li, Yunhai Li - Show less +2 more 01 Apr 2022-Plant communications 13 Citations	Crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash, along with starch properties and genetic factors, influence resistant starch formation in rice by affecting storage and processing conditions.

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How does minerals obtained from crude ash affect starch digestibility?5 answersMinerals obtained from crude ash can have varying effects on starch digestibility depending on the specific mineral and starch types. Research indicates that the addition of minerals like calcium can influence the in vitro digestibility of starches. Furthermore, the incorporation of ash into wheat flour has been shown to impact the functional properties of the flour, affecting parameters such as peak viscosity and pasting temperature. Additionally, studies on polar fox feeds revealed that diets with different ash content resulted in differences in the apparent ileal digestibility of ash and minerals like calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. These findings highlight the complex interplay between minerals from crude ash and starch digestibility, showcasing the importance of considering specific mineral types and their interactions with starch components.

What affects the non resistant starch of cooked and milled rice?5 answersThe non-resistant starch content of cooked and milled rice can be influenced by various factors such as the presence of lipids and proteins in rice flour, which competitively bind to amylose, hindering recrystallization and potentially decreasing resistant starch yields. Additionally, the suppression of starch branching enzyme IIb in cereals, like rice, can lead to alterations in starch composition, affecting the non-resistant starch content. Moreover, the cooling process of rice after cooking can impact postprandial glycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes, resulting in lower postprandial blood glucose levels when consuming cooled rice compared to fresh rice, potentially affecting the non-resistant starch utilization. Understanding these factors and processes can provide insights into managing the non-resistant starch content of cooked and milled rice for dietary considerations.

Benefits of resistant starch 5?4 answersResistant starch offers numerous health benefits, making it a valuable component in our diets. It aids in preventing chronic diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure, and cholesterol. The fermentation of resistant starch by gut microflora produces short-chain fatty acids, enhancing colonic functions, reducing colorectal cancer risk, and positively impacting gut microflora and blood cholesterol levels. Resistant starch's incomplete digestion mimics dietary fibers, promoting positive health effects and potentially aiding in obesity reduction. Additionally, it improves blood cholesterol levels, gastrointestinal function, glycemic index, and assists in diabetes management. Studies also suggest that resistant starch influences food intake, satiety, body weight, glucose response, lipid profiles, inflammation, oxidative status, and gut health, although further research is needed to maximize its benefits in human diets.

What is the effect of crude ash in broiler production?5 answersCrude ash in broiler production can have various effects. One study found that poultry litter ash (PLA) can be used as a substitute for dicalcium phosphate (dicalP) in broiler diets, with no detrimental effects on live performance. Another study highlighted the potential environmental risk of applying poultry litter as a fertilizer due to its high levels of Ca, N, P, and K. It recommended crushing and mixing the coarse fraction of ash with the fine fractions before using it as a fertilizer to prevent P leaching. Additionally, the nutritional value of poultry litter was found to be affected by its ash content, with stored, high ash poultry litter reducing dry matter intake and crude protein digestibility in broilers. However, replacing bone ash with eggshell meal in broiler diets had no adverse effects on nutrient digestibility or blood parameters, suggesting that eggshell meal can be used as a calcium source.

Does resistant starch decrease risk of chornic disease?5 answersResistant starch has been studied for its potential to decrease the risk of chronic diseases. Research has shown that resistant starch can increase fecal bulk, increase the molar ratio of butyrate, dilute fecal bile acids, and reduce luminal concentrations of damaging compounds in the colon. Additionally, resistant starch has been associated with systemic physiological effects such as reduced postprandial insulin levels and higher HDL cholesterol levels, which are related to reductions in risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Dietary fiber, including resistant starch, has been recommended as part of a healthy diet and has been consistently shown to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers. However, the effectiveness of resistant starch in preventing or treating colonic diseases still requires further investigation. Overall, the biological activity of resistant starch suggests a positive influence on the prevention of gastrointestinal disease.

Does resistant starch lower risk of chronic disease?5 answersResistant starch has been studied for its potential health benefits in chronic diseases. Several studies have shown that resistant starch intake can improve cardiometabolic outcomes and attenuate disease progression, particularly in individuals with diabetes and prediabetes. Additionally, resistant starch supplementation has been found to modulate the gut microbiota and produce metabolites that promote intestinal health, which may have implications for conditions such as chronic kidney disease, constipation, and colitis. However, the specific effects of resistant starch on chronic disease risk reduction are still being investigated, and there is limited and inconsistent evidence on its impact in adult patients with chronic kidney disease. Further research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of resistant starch supplementation in reducing the risk of chronic diseases.

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