How does herbivory impact volatile profiles in kale?
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Herbivory has been found to impact volatile profiles in kale . When kale plants are subjected to herbivore attack, they emit herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) as a defense mechanism . These HIPVs can attract natural enemies of herbivores and warn neighboring plants of the impending danger . The composition of HIPV blends in kale changes over time, with different components being emitted at different stages after damage . The temporal dynamics of HIPVs play a crucial role in shaping the response of insects associated with kale plants . Additionally, the circadian clock in kale plants regulates the timing of volatile emissions, with green leaf volatiles (GLVs) being emitted at night . Overall, herbivory influences the volatile profiles in kale, leading to the production of HIPVs and GLVs that serve as important defense mechanisms against herbivores and facilitate communication with natural enemies .
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