How do pentagonal channels contribute to the unique properties of molybdenum oxides?5 answersPentagonal channels in molybdenum oxides play a crucial role in imparting unique properties. The high-dimensionally structured Mo oxide (HDS-MoOx) with pentagonal units (PUs) generates lattice oxygen defects efficiently, unlike typical Mo oxide structures, due to the stable PU network that prevents structural changes. Additionally, the squared pentagon MoS2 monolayer exhibits intrinsic ferromagnetism and behaves as a half semimetal, showcasing unique electronic band structures with spin-polarized Dirac fermions. Furthermore, crystalline orthorhombic Mo3VOx features microchannels constructed by corner-sharing MO6 octahedra, contributing to its catalytic activity for light alkanes. These pentagonal channels not only enhance redox activity but also enable the development of topological materials and efficient oxidation catalysts in molybdenum oxides.
What are the various industrial applications of molybdenum oxides?4 answersMolybdenum oxides (MoOx) find diverse industrial applications due to their unique properties. They are utilized in alloy and catalyst applications, electrochemical capacitors, display devices, sensors, smart windows, lubricants, battery electrodes, and as SERS substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. Additionally, MoOx thin films grown on nanocellulose exhibit high transparency and flexibility, making them suitable for flexible electronics, including bendable displays and solar energy systems. Furthermore, MoOx nanoparticles are employed in various fields such as energy storage, photodetectors, thermoelectric devices, solar cells, photo-thermal therapies, and gas sensors, showcasing their versatility and wide-ranging industrial applications.
How the properties of molybdenum suboxides varies?4 answersThe properties of molybdenum suboxides vary based on their stoichiometry and preparation conditions. Different suboxides like MoO3-δ and MoOx (2 < x < 3) exhibit varying thermal stability, decomposition temperatures, and electrical properties. Molybdenum oxides can exist in different oxidation states, allowing for versatile applications in optical, electronic, catalytic, and energy systems. The crystal structure, morphology, and dopants can be manipulated to control electronic states, enhancing their tunability and functionality. These materials show promise in diverse fields such as photodetectors, thermoelectric devices, solar cells, gas sensors, and energy storage, highlighting their potential for high-value research and commercial applications.
Which modes can propagate in a waveguide?4 answersWaveguides support various modes of wave propagation. These modes are eigenfunctions of a non-symmetric eigenvalue problem, with their propagation or decay determined by the corresponding eigenvalues. In planar dielectric waveguides, weakly confined modes in a high-index core interact evanescently with the cladding. The velocity of waveguide modes is influenced by the joint matter-waveguide dispersion, and any nonlinearity can lead to mode interactions, described by coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations. Additionally, in structures with alternating dielectric and graphene layers, symmetric and antisymmetric waveguide modes exhibit specific dispersion relations and behaviors influenced by the graphene fraction in the structure. These diverse modes play crucial roles in understanding wave propagation characteristics within different waveguide configurations.
Can TM modes propagate in a waveguide?4 answersTM (transverse magnetic) modes can indeed propagate in waveguides. Research has explored conditions for the existence of pure TE and TM modes in metallic waveguides filled with anisotropic, lossless media. Analytical formulations have been developed to calculate the propagation characteristics and field profiles of TM modes on magneto-optical planar waveguides, showcasing nonreciprocal behavior. Additionally, a study presented an efficient polarized mode solver using a higher-order compact finite difference method for TM mode analysis in GaAs and GeSi waveguides, emphasizing the importance of optimized waveguide structure parameters for efficient TM wave propagation. These findings collectively demonstrate that TM modes can propagate in various types of waveguides under specific conditions and configurations.
What are the optical absorption bands of copper molybdate?5 answersThe optical absorption bands of copper molybdate (CuMoO4) were investigated in several studies. The absorption spectra of CuMoO4 crystals showed a broad transmission window in the visible region and an intense absorption peak around 2.0 eV, which was split into two bands at room temperature. The band gap (Eg) of CuMoO4/PMMA organic glass was found to be approximately 2.28 eV. The UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) technique revealed a sharp absorption peak at 270-350 nm. X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Cu and Mo K-edges provided insights into the local atomic structure and dynamics of CuMoO4, and the temperature-dependent changes in the O2- → Cu2+ charge transfer processes. Overall, the optical absorption bands of copper molybdate were found to be in the visible and ultraviolet regions, with specific absorption peaks and band gaps observed in different studies.