How does inflammation affect cholesterol levels?
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Inflammation has a significant impact on cholesterol levels. Chronic inflammatory diseases and infections are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and patients with these disorders often have alterations in lipid metabolism, including decreases in serum HDL and increases in triglycerides . Inflammation also affects lipoprotein function, making LDL more easily oxidized and impairing the reverse cholesterol transport pathway . Inflammation disrupts cholesterol homeostasis, increasing vulnerability to cholesterol accumulation in cells of the artery wall . Acute lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation reduces plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and cholesterol efflux capacity, while increasing triglycerides . Inflammation accelerates the accumulation of cholesterol within arterial cells, exacerbating cholesterol deposition in the vessel wall . Overall, inflammation leads to changes in lipid levels and lipoprotein function, contributing to the development and progression of atherosclerosis.
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| Papers (5) | Insight |
|---|---|
Open access 31 May 2016 8 Citations | Inflammation accelerates the accumulation of cholesterol within arterial smooth muscle cells, macrophages, and other immune cells, leading to increased cholesterol levels in the vessel wall. |
| Inflammation reduces endogenous cholesterol synthesis and bile acid formation, leading to lower plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol concentrations. | |
23 Citations | The paper discusses how inflammation associated with systemic lupus erythematosus disrupts cholesterol homeostasis, leading to increased vulnerability to cholesterol accumulation in cells of the artery wall. |
Open access 01 Jan 2000 48 Citations | Inflammation can decrease HDL levels and increase triglyceride levels, but the mechanisms for these changes are uncertain. LDL levels may also be decreased, but the prevalence of small dense LDL is increased. |
333 Citations | Inflammation impairs reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) at multiple steps, including macrophage efflux, HDL acceptor function, and cholesterol elimination through the liver to bile and feces. |
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