What is cell separation?5 answersCell separation refers to the process of isolating and sorting individual cells based on various characteristics such as size, physical properties, or specific markers. This technique is crucial in biological research, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and disease diagnostics. Various methods like acoustic-based approaches, insulator-based electrokinetic systems, and natural plant processes like abscission and dehiscence are utilized for cell separation. The goal of cell separation is to achieve high purity, recovery, and viability of the isolated cells, which are essential for precise analysis and potential therapeutic applications. Advancements in cell separation technologies aim to enhance efficiency, sensitivity, and specificity in separating cells, enabling applications in precision medicine and clinical practice.
What is cell separation?5 answersCell separation refers to the process of isolating specific cells from a mixture based on various criteria like size, dielectric properties, or specific markers. Different methods have been developed to achieve efficient cell separation, such as using magnetic beads conjugated with specific antibodies to target cells, employing microfluidic chip technology combined with optical tweezers and dielectrophoresis for precise sorting based on size and properties, and utilizing magnetic fields for magnetic-activated cell sorting, which offers advantages like simplicity, high selectivity, and biocompatibility. These methods aim to enhance separation efficiency, purity, and throughput in various biomedical applications. Additionally, innovative cell separation systems have been designed to effectively separate cells from mixed liquids while maintaining good retention rates and preventing screen blocking.
How permselectivity connected to resistance in ion exchange membranes?5 answersPermselectivity in ion exchange membranes is closely linked to their resistance. The permselectivity of membranes refers to their ability to preferentially transport specific ionic species based on fixed charges in the polymer matrix. Higher permselectivity involves a high retention capacity for co-ions and selectivity for counterions, influenced by factors like ionic size and ion mobility within the membrane. Membrane resistance, on the other hand, is crucial for efficient ion separation processes. Studies have shown that resistance can be decreased by utilizing micropatterned surfaces in anion exchange membranes, impacting flow properties and resistance levels. Additionally, modifications like the introduction of a thin layer with opposite charge can enhance permselectivity towards monovalent ions in composite membranes. Understanding and optimizing both permselectivity and resistance are essential for the effective design and operation of ion exchange membranes.
What kind of reactor is used in cell suspension culture?5 answersCell suspension culture reactors used in the studies include a trace suspended cell culture reactor, a microscale suspension cell culture reactor, a 6000L serum-free full suspension cell culture reactor, a versatile bioreactor suitable for dynamic suspension cell culture, and a cell culture biological reactor.
How to create a water resistant paper?5 answersTo create water-resistant paper, there are several methods described in the provided abstracts. One method involves adding aluminium sulphate, AKD, and a retention aid during the production process, and a starch sizing solution, aluminium sulphate, and a surface sizing agent during surface sizing, to improve the strength of the finished paper. Another method involves coating a base paper with a coating layer containing an inorganic pigment and a binder, where the binder consists of acrylic silicon resin and styrene butadiene copolymer resin. Additionally, a water-vapor-permeable and hot-water-resistant paper can be made by using cellulose pulp with long fiber lengths, setting the pH value in the pseudo-neutral range, and limiting the elongation of the paper in the machine direction. Furthermore, a water-resistant paper tube adhesive can be prepared by mixing starch, pretreated rice husk fibers, organic acid, alcohol, carbomer, ethyl orthosilicate, surfactant, phospholipid, modified filler, pig blood, hirudin, sodium citrate, and a cross-linking agent.
Articles about tear resistance of paper?2 answersTear resistance of paper is a topic covered in several papers. Shen and Fan describe a tear-resisting paper with a four-layered structure that solves the problems of poor surface printing adaptability and insufficient tearing strength. Williams, Froass, and Kulkarni discuss a process for preparing sized paper and paperboard with hydrophobic polymers, resulting in a Cobb Value equal to or less than about 25. Manoj presents a high tear resistant paper with multiple layers and embedded nano particles for determining authenticity. Xinman introduces a transformer insulation paper with good tear resistance, prepared from various raw materials. These papers provide insights into different approaches and materials used to enhance the tear resistance of paper.