How does the concept of "shame" differ between Filipino and Western cultures?
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Shame culture in Filipino culture, influenced by Confucian values, emphasizes the importance of external social standards and the opinions of others . In Western cultures, shame is viewed as an emotion related to moral failures and is often associated with guilt . Shame in Western cultures is deeply rooted in the human condition and has been exploited throughout history for social control and conformity . The concept of shame in Filipino culture may be more focused on external judgment and adherence to societal norms, while in Western cultures, shame is closely tied to personal moral values and the internal experience of guilt . However, it is important to note that shame is a universal emotion, and cross-cultural research has shown that shame is experienced and understood in similar ways across different cultures .
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