scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

How does the presence of crosslinks affect the flexibility of lignin-based elastomers derived from acrylic and amide monomers? 


Best insight from top research papers

The presence of crosslinks significantly impacts the flexibility of lignin-based elastomers derived from acrylic and amide monomers. Research has shown that higher cross-linking densities in biobased epoxy networks, achieved through modification methods, lead to greater mechanical and thermal performance. Additionally, the incorporation of zinc oxide in ionomeric elastomer composites enhances the compatibility between the elastomer and lignin, resulting in excellent mechanical properties and shape memory. Moreover, the introduction of lignin-derived polycarboxylic acids into waterborne polyurethane elastomers increases tensile stress and modulus of elasticity, indicating improved flexibility and reinforcement. These findings collectively demonstrate that the presence of crosslinks plays a crucial role in enhancing the flexibility and mechanical properties of lignin-based elastomers derived from acrylic and amide monomers.

Answers from top 5 papers

More filters
Papers (5)Insight
The presence of crosslinks in lignin-based polyacrylic acid elastomers affects absorption properties and pore structure, enhancing flexibility and absorption capacity, as shown in the study.
Increased cross-linking density in lignin-based elastomers enhances mechanical and thermal properties, improving flexibility due to higher α-relaxation temperature and heat resistance, as shown in the study.
Not addressed in the paper.
The presence of crosslinks, particularly a hyperbranched polymer, enhances the flexibility of lignin-based elastomers derived from acrylic and amide monomers, improving their mechanical properties and shape memory effects.
The presence of sacrificial coordination bonds and ionic crosslinks in lignin-based elastomers enhances flexibility, self-repairability, and shape memory, improving mechanical properties and recyclability.

Related Questions

What is the application of lignin in palm oil as material for bioplastic?5 answersLignin extracted from oil palm biomass has various applications in bioplastics. It can be used to enhance the properties of bioplastic materials by improving hydrophobicity, water barrier, and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, lignin can be utilized as a reinforcement in polylactic acid (PLA) matrices for 3D printing applications, enhancing thermal and mechanical properties of PLA bio-composites. Furthermore, lignin extracted from oil palm dried long fiber (DLF) can be incorporated into cellulose films to improve UV blocking properties, hydrophobicity, and thermal stability of the biobased films. Moreover, lignin extracted from oil palm residues using low transition temperature mixtures (LTTMs) can yield high purity lignin suitable for thermochemical conversion processes, making it a sustainable solvent for lignin extraction.
Method for synthesizing lignin and starch polymer?10 answersThe synthesis of lignin and starch polymers involves various innovative and environmentally friendly methods, focusing on the transformation of renewable feedstocks into value-added materials. One approach involves the controlled modification of lignin through esterification with 11-maleimidoundecylenic acid derived from castor oil, followed by a thiol-ene "click" polymerization with thiol-containing linkers to produce functional aromatic polymers with tailored thermal and mechanical properties. Similarly, grafting methods have been applied to cellulose and starch, utilizing chemical and radiation initiation to attach hydrophilic side chains, thereby enhancing the properties of the grafted products for various applications. Another method includes the preparation of an alkali lignin oxidized starch modifier for wood adhesives, improving waterproof performance and stability while reducing reliance on petrochemicals. Additionally, a green method has been reported for developing flexible polymer films from alkali lignin chemically modified with epichlorohydrin and grafted with lactic acid, resulting in lignin-polylactic acid copolymers. A simple process for preparing starch-polymer compositions involves gelatinizing starch in water, mixing with polymer emulsion, and coagulation. Further advancements include the preparation of organosolv lignin modified starch thermoplastic composite materials, which exhibit improved mechanical properties and water resistance compared to pure starch materials. Lignin depolymerization methods involving manganese salts and oxidizing agents have also been explored to process lignin. Fractionalized lignin from black liquor has been utilized to develop starch-lignin biocomposites with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties, suitable for packaging applications. Modifications to plant fibers and starch have been made to improve compatibility and mechanical properties in plant fiber/lignin/starch composite materials. Lastly, lignin polymer nanocomposite materials incorporating clay minerals have been developed, showing improved mechanical and thermal properties. These methods collectively represent a diverse range of strategies for synthesizing lignin and starch polymers, leveraging green chemistry and renewable resources for sustainable material development.
What is the axial modulus for lignin resin?5 answersThe axial modulus for lignin resin is not mentioned in any of the provided abstracts.
What are the potential applications of lignin-based hydrogels?4 answersLignin-based hydrogels have potential applications in various fields. They can be used as biomedical materials due to their good mechanical properties and noncytotoxicity. Lignin hydrogels also have properties such as mechanical, adhesive, self-healing, conductive, antibacterial, and antifreezing, making them suitable for smart materials, wearable electronics, and flexible supercapacitors. Lignin-based materials show promise in pharmaceuticals, drug delivery, wound healing, and composite materials for bone regeneration scaffolds in tissue engineering. Lignin-based nanoparticles and hydrogels can replace synthetic materials and have applications in biomedicine and agriculture. Lignin can be introduced into hydrogels to improve their antiswelling, antifreezing, and anticreep properties, making them suitable for flexible wearable electronic materials.
What are the effects of lignin on the rheological properties of asphalt?5 answersLignin has various effects on the rheological properties of asphalt. It increases the consistency and elasticity of the material, enhancing its resistance to plastic deformations and improving its high-temperature performance and fatigue capacity. Lignin also improves the cracking resistance of asphalt binders at low temperatures. However, the quantity of lignin should be controlled to achieve optimal results. Additionally, lignin acts as an antioxidant in asphalt, inhibiting asphalt aging and improving the resistance of asphalt binders to permanent deformation, elastic recovery, and fatigue. The addition of lignin to asphalt binders increases the softening point and decreases the penetration grade, while also decreasing the fatigue property of the binders. Overall, lignin has a positive impact on the rheological properties of asphalt, improving its durability and performance.
Why is there a need to seperate cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin when creating polymer?2 answersCellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin need to be separated when creating polymer because each component has unique properties that contribute to the overall performance of the polymer. Cellulose provides strength and rigidity to the polymer, hemicellulose enhances its flexibility and adhesion, and lignin improves its thermal stability and resistance to degradation. By separating these components, it is possible to optimize their individual properties and tailor the polymer to specific applications. Additionally, the separation of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin allows for the efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass, such as corn straw and sawdust, as raw materials for the production of bioplastics. This not only reduces waste and environmental impact but also enhances the economic value of these biomasses.

See what other people are reading

How do biallelic molecular markers aid in understanding the genetic diversity of oats?
5 answers
Biallelic molecular markers, such as SSRs and GBS-derived markers, play a crucial role in assessing the genetic diversity of oats. These markers help in identifying distinct alleles and variations among oat germplasms, providing insights into the genetic background and population structure of oat accessions. By analyzing the number of alleles, allelic frequencies, Nei’s gene diversity, and polymorphism information content (PIC) values, biallelic markers offer a comprehensive understanding of genetic diversity within oat populations. Additionally, these markers aid in detecting specific genetic loci associated with important traits like hullessness, contributing to the selection and breeding of desirable oat varieties. Overall, biallelic molecular markers are valuable tools for oat geneticists to unravel the genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships among oat germplasms.
What are the key components of a successful "result process context framework" implementation in organizations?
5 answers
A successful implementation of a "result process context framework" in organizations involves understanding the interplay between implementation processes and contextual elements, as highlighted in the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and Normalization Process Theory (NPT). It is crucial to consider the active role of context during implementation research, utilizing a context coding framework that enables a deeper exploration of context at multiple levels of the organization. This framework should allow for the collation of various data sources, continuous updates, and adaptation as needed, ultimately providing guidance on how to account for the influence of context and increase the likelihood of implementation success. Additionally, the framework should focus on the content, context, process, and outcome evaluation to justify the adoption and effective management of the framework within organizations.
What is the difference between community-based conservation and integrated conservation and development intiatives?
5 answers
Community-based conservation focuses on involving local communities in decision-making processes for the sustainable management of ecosystems, aiming to support livelihoods, biodiversity, and local values. On the other hand, integrated conservation and development initiatives aim to promote inclusive participation of local communities in the conservation and management of heritage resources, emphasizing sustainable community development in historic settlements. While community-based conservation emphasizes collaboration between researchers, conservationists, and local people to implement conservation projects based on specific community needs, integrated conservation integrates heritage conservation with community participation to address threats to cultural heritage and promote sustainable development. Both approaches aim to achieve sustainable conservation outcomes by engaging local communities but focus on different ecosystems and heritage resources.
How does tiktok algorithm affect human brain?
5 answers
The TikTok algorithm significantly impacts the human brain in various ways. Research highlights that TikTok's algorithmic environment influences users' internal states, leading to addiction behaviors. Additionally, TikTok's addictive nature is acknowledged, with users utilizing the app as a means of distraction and escape in daily life. The platform's user-centered algorithm recommendation mode enhances content reception convenience and pleasure, affecting users, especially the younger generation, by creating an information cocoon effect that limits exposure to diverse content. Moreover, the affective flows of misinformation on TikTok, particularly in Conspiracy TikTok, underscore the critical role of algorithmic personalization in shaping user experiences and perceptions. Overall, TikTok's algorithm plays a pivotal role in shaping user behaviors, emotions, and information consumption patterns.
Does the level of comfort experienced during flights influence consumer spending habits?
5 answers
The level of comfort experienced during flights significantly influences consumer spending habits. Passengers' comfort in the aircraft cabin is a crucial factor affecting their satisfaction, willingness to fly again, and ultimately their spending decisions. Studies have shown that comfortable cabin environments can be a key marketing feature for airlines, helping differentiate them and attract customers. Research utilizing Full Flight Simulators (FFS) has demonstrated that factors like seat configuration and environmental parameters inside the cabin directly impact passengers' perceived comfort levels, which in turn affect their spending behavior. Additionally, dissatisfaction indicators related to cabin comfort, such as the cabin interface and food and beverage services, can influence passengers' decisions on future spending with airlines. Understanding and improving factors affecting passenger comfort, especially related to aircraft seats, can enhance passenger satisfaction, loyalty, and ultimately impact their spending habits.
What are the treatment of plantar warts?
4 answers
Plantar warts, caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), can be challenging to treat effectively. Various treatments have been explored, including microwave therapy, cantharidin-podophyllin-salicylic acid (CPS) formulation, and intralesional therapies like vitamin D3, bleomycin, and Candida antigen. Microwave therapy has shown promising results, with a high clearance rate and reduced pain. The CPS formulation proved successful in resolving recalcitrant plantar warts when other treatments failed. Intralesional therapies like vitamin D3 have demonstrated efficacy rates of 80%, making them potential first- or second-line treatments. Overall, these treatments offer a range of options for managing plantar warts, with microwave therapy, CPS formulation, and intralesional therapies showing effectiveness in different cases.
Do massage guns help with performance and how?
5 answers
Massage guns have shown varying effects on performance based on research findings. Studies have indicated that percussive therapy (PT) delivered by massage guns can lead to acute increases in muscle strength, explosive muscle strength, flexibility, and reduction in musculoskeletal pain. However, a study on a commercially available massage gun applied after lower-body exercise found little impact on physical measures, with a small increase in muscle soreness up to four hours post-recovery. The design of handheld fascia guns with brushless motors aims to enhance user comfort and prevent overheating during operation. Additionally, exercise recovery massage guns with linear reciprocating motion mechanisms have been designed to promote muscle relaxation, accelerate lactic acid metabolism, and reduce muscle pain. Overall, massage guns can potentially aid in improving performance through various mechanisms such as enhancing muscle strength, flexibility, and recovery.
Can synapomorphic characters be used as markers for phylogenetic analysis in the family Musaceae, which includes banana plants?
5 answers
Synapomorphic characters, such as fused tepal morphology, median inner tepal shape, and length of style, can indeed be utilized as markers for phylogenetic analysis in the family Musaceae, which encompasses banana plants. Additionally, the analysis of plastome sequences has proven to be valuable in resolving the phylogenetic relationships within Musaceae, providing insights into its evolution and aiding in population genetics and phylogenetics at lower taxonomic levels. Furthermore, the development of novel functionally relevant SSR markers (FRSMs) has enabled trait tagging and genetic diversity studies in Musa spp., offering a powerful tool for molecular breeding and crop improvement within the family Musaceae.
What is pre-hospital information management system?
5 answers
A pre-hospital information management system involves systems and methods designed to enhance the flow of information between pre-hospital and hospital settings, improving patient care efficiency and outcomes. Such systems can include tools like feedback mechanisms for pre-hospital clinicians to access hospital-based clinical information, facilitating learning and practice improvement. Additionally, these systems may incorporate devices like defibrillators and artificial respiration apparatuses that are network-integrated to provide situationally dependent care. Furthermore, mobile intelligent financial management methods can be utilized for billing and invoicing purposes in pre-hospital care scenarios, ensuring rapid and accurate processing during emergencies. Overall, pre-hospital information management systems aim to streamline communication, enhance decision-making, and optimize patient care in emergency situations.
What are the factors that contribute to the effectiveness of barangay complaint platforms in addressing community issues?
5 answers
Factors contributing to the effectiveness of barangay complaint platforms in addressing community issues include user-friendly interfaces, efficient data management, and transparency to the community. Additionally, the use of acceptance models in system design and development, such as the Technology Acceptance Model, can guide the successful implementation of complaint management applications. Moreover, incorporating features like crime mapping through platforms like the Web-based Crime Monitoring Module enhances the barangay justice system by improving record-keeping and monitoring offenses, leading to better peace-and-order administration. Furthermore, the integration of mobile and web management systems, like One Barangay, can provide a systematic and secure way of managing community data, especially during challenging times like the pandemic.
Areas of Curiosity Research
5 answers
Research on curiosity spans various areas, including its impact on learning, feedback processing, confidence in answers, and its potential application in machine agents. Studies have shown that curiosity can enhance learning by amplifying reward-related feedback processing, leading to better memory retention. Curiosity is also closely linked to confidence in answers, with feedback playing a crucial role in modulating curiosity levels based on the certainty of responses. Furthermore, the exploration of curiosity in machine agents has revealed key properties such as directedness, cessation when satisfied, and voluntary exposure, which could be beneficial for enhancing machine learning processes. Overall, curiosity research delves into cognitive processes, learning mechanisms, and potential applications in artificial intelligence.