scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

How many ml of water and chlorine to mix for stain removal? 


Best insight from top research papers

To create an effective stain removal solution, various compositions have been proposed in the research papers. For instance, a stain-removal dry cleaning agent includes 20-35 parts of water in its formulation . Additionally, a study on chlorine stain in swimmers highlighted the adverse effects of chlorine on dental health, indicating the need for preventive measures . Moreover, a bubble column slurry reactor study focused on chlorine adsorption on activated carbon, providing insights into the removal process . While the exact ratio of water to chlorine for stain removal is not explicitly mentioned in the contexts, these studies emphasize the importance of proper formulations and preventive practices to address stains effectively. Further research or experimentation may be needed to determine the specific quantities of water and chlorine required for optimal stain removal.

Answers from top 5 papers

More filters
Papers (5)Insight
Not addressed in the paper.
Not addressed in the paper.
Patent
Gu Youzhi, Miao Zhenyu 
22 Jan 2014
1 Citations
To create the stain-removal dry cleaning agent, mix 20-35 parts of water (ml) and 15-31 parts of chlorine (1,1,1-trichloroethane + 1,1,2-trichloroethane) for effective stain removal without damaging textiles.
Not addressed in the paper.
Patent
01 Mar 1988
2 Citations
Not addressed in the paper.

Related Questions

How does the concentration level of kamias as stain remover?5 answersThe concentration level of kamias as a stain remover is not explicitly mentioned in the provided contexts. However, various stain removers discussed in the contexts include benzyl alcohol, 2-ethoxyethanol, triglycerides, glycerine esters, free fatty acids, effective microorganisms, amylase, and lipase. These components are used in different formulations to create effective stain removers with specific properties. For instance, a stain remover mixture may contain 2% benzyl alcohol and 98% 2-ethoxyethanol, while another formulation includes effective microorganisms, amylase, and lipase in specific proportions. The concentration of kamias, a common ingredient in stain removers, would depend on the specific formulation and intended use, which may vary based on the type of stains being targeted and the desired cleaning efficacy.
Do baking soda and calamansi have similar effects on stain removal?5 answersBaking soda has been found to be effective in removing stains from teeth and improving their appearance. Studies have shown that the combined use of baking soda and electric toothbrushing has a better stain-removing effect compared to toothbrushing with fluoride dentifrice. Baking soda solution has also been found to be effective in reducing stain and plaque index on the teeth, particularly in individuals with betel-chewing habit. Additionally, toothpaste containing baking soda has been shown to be more effective than non-baking soda toothpaste in reducing tooth stains in smokers. Baking soda-based dentifrices have been found to be effective and safe for tooth stain removal and whitening, with some studies showing their superiority over non-baking soda dentifrices. Furthermore, chewing gums containing baking soda have been found to significantly reduce extrinsic tooth stain and improve the whitened appearance of teeth. However, there is no mention of calamansi in any of the abstracts provided, so it is unclear whether it has similar effects on stain removal.
What are the limitations of chlorine dioxide in water disinfection?5 answersChlorine dioxide (ClO2) has limitations in water disinfection. It can interact with organic matter in water, leading to the formation of disinfection by-products that are harmful to human health. Additionally, the use of ClO2 for irrigation water disinfection can result in the accumulation of chlorates in crops and a reduction in photosynthetic efficiency. Furthermore, studies have shown that chlorine, including ClO2, can generate disinfection by-products and potentially contribute to the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in water and wastewater treatment. In the disinfection of drinking water, ClO2 can form chlorite as an inorganic by-product, and its formation can be influenced by the presence of reductive inorganics and natural organic matter. These limitations highlight the need for alternative disinfection methods and the careful consideration of ClO2 dosage to avoid negative impacts on human health and the environment.
What is the effective concentration for stain removal of 100%, 70%, and 30% bleach? Of water?5 answersThe effective concentration for stain removal of bleach varies depending on the specific bleach used. In the provided abstracts, the concentration of bleach is mentioned in two papers. Abel and Berger state that their stain removing composition contains 15 to 35 percent by weight of an anionic surfactant, while Huang Yuan's color bleaching water includes 8-12 parts of hydrogen peroxide. However, the specific concentrations of 100%, 70%, and 30% bleach are not mentioned in these abstracts. As for water, it is mentioned in the abstract by Maeno Junichi and Okumura Tatsuya that their stain remover consists mainly of 60-20wt.% of water. Again, the specific concentrations of 100%, 70%, and 30% water are not mentioned. Therefore, the effective concentrations for stain removal of 100%, 70%, and 30% bleach, as well as water, are not provided in the abstracts.
What is the effective concentration of bleach for stain removal?5 answersThe effective concentration of bleach for stain removal varies depending on the specific context. In the study by Simpson and Riggs, it was found that low bleach concentration was more satisfactory than high concentration for stain removal on cotton fabrics. However, in the study by Broome, it was suggested that higher concentrations of carbamide peroxide (up to 35%) may be necessary for stubborn stains. Additionally, the study by Hashemikamangar found that the home-bleaching technique was more effective than office-bleaching for stain removal on composite resins. Therefore, the effective concentration of bleach for stain removal can vary depending on the material being treated and the specific stain being targeted.
What is the effective concentration for stain removal of 100%, ? Of extract?3 answersThe effective concentration for stain removal of 100% extract is mentioned in the abstract by Ita Astit Karmawati et al.. The study conducted an experiment on 31 people with extrinsic stains on their teeth and applied strawberry extract with a concentration of 100% twice a day for 5 consecutive days. The results showed a significant decrease in the extrinsic stain scores after treatment on day 2. Another study by Ita Yulita et al. compared the effectiveness of different concentrations of strawberry extract for stain removal. The results showed that the highest concentration of 100% extract gave the largest decrease in stain scores. Therefore, both studies suggest that a concentration of 100% extract is effective for stain removal.

See what other people are reading

What is the chemical composition of the seed of the Persea americana plant?
5 answers
The seed of the Persea americana plant, commonly known as avocado, exhibits a rich chemical composition. Proximate analysis reveals high levels of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, with low moisture and ash content. Additionally, the seed contains various phytochemicals such as phenols, saponins, alkaloids, beta-carotene, lycopene, flavonoids, phytosterols, and cardiac glycosides. Furthermore, mineral composition assays indicate significant levels of potassium, calcium, and magnesium, with lower concentrations of manganese and iron. The seed also demonstrates antioxidant properties due to its high polyphenolic content and antioxidant enzymes, making it beneficial for scavenging free radicals. Moreover, the seed can be utilized to produce activated carbon for removing lead ions from wastewater, showcasing its environmental applications.
What happened in saudi arabia The impact of Social Determinants on Oral Health Outcomes in Saudi Arabia?
5 answers
Social determinants have played a significant role in shaping oral health outcomes in Saudi Arabia. The country has implemented various programs to address oral health disparities, such as a sustainable oral health program targeting prison inmates, which showed positive effects on oral health practices and treatment needs. Additionally, the lack of prioritization of oral health among diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia has been noted, with lower awareness levels and compliance towards oral health practices, especially among older and less educated individuals. These findings underscore the importance of structured patient education programs targeting different age groups and diabetes types to improve oral health awareness and reduce the burden of dental illnesses on the Saudi health infrastructure.
What research has been conducted on the use of English songs as educational tools for visually impaired students?
4 answers
Research has explored various educational tools for visually impaired students, including English songs. Studies have shown that music can enhance learning experiences for visually impaired individuals. Additionally, assistive technologies like audio books have been developed to facilitate learning English for visually impaired students. Furthermore, the use of tools like JAWS and MELDICT has been found to improve English learning outcomes for visually impaired students, enhancing skills such as writing and motivation. Moreover, educational programs incorporating audio dramas have been effective in promoting healthy lifestyle practices among visually impaired students, indicating the broader impact of audio-based educational approaches. These findings collectively highlight the importance and effectiveness of utilizing English songs and audio-based tools in enhancing educational experiences for visually impaired students.
Can activated carbon filter remove odor from trash cans?
4 answers
Activated carbon filters, as described in,, and, are effective in removing odors from trash cans. These filters utilize activated carbon to adsorb and filter organic gases and impurities, providing high adsorption efficiency and good filtering effects. The process involves flushing the adsorbed gases with water and then allowing purified air to pass through the carbon bed for odor removal. Additionally, the use of activated carbon in trash cans, as seen in, helps in preventing foul odors from spreading in indoor environments. The combination of activated carbon's adsorption properties and filtration capabilities makes it a suitable solution for eliminating odors from trash cans, ensuring a cleaner and more pleasant environment.
Can pharmaceutical raw materials support microbial growth?
5 answers
Pharmaceutical raw materials can indeed support microbial growth, as indicated by various studies. Research has shown that the microbiological quality of raw materials is crucial in determining the final product's microbial content. Contamination with bacteria, fungi, and pathogens can occur in raw materials, potentially impacting the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products. Different raw materials have shown varying levels of microbial contamination, with some materials exhibiting higher microbial counts than others. While some raw materials may not show any microbial growth, others have been found to harbor pathogenic microorganisms, emphasizing the importance of assessing and controlling microbial contamination in pharmaceutical raw materials to ensure the production of high-quality and safe medicines.
What is the main factor affecting the suppyl of methanol and paraffin gas in gas pipeline?
5 answers
The main factor affecting the supply of methanol and paraffin gas in gas pipelines is the physiochemical characteristics of the crude oil and the deposited wax, as well as the operational conditions such as temperature, flow rate, and pipeline material. The development of mathematical models considering temperature changes, relief of the route, and inhibitor carryover in gas pipelines is crucial to accurately determine the amount of methanol needed to prevent the formation of hydrates. Utilizing innovative solutions like Ethylene–TetraFluoroEthylene (ETFE) polymer coatings on pipelines can effectively reduce paraffin deposition, with ETFE plastic pipe coating showing the best performance in decreasing deposition compared to steel and rigid PVC pipes. Additionally, incorporating electric heating wire heating layers and heat insulation layers in paraffin conveying pipelines can prevent solidification and heat loss, ensuring efficient paraffin transportation.
Why is there a microbial growth in denture patients?
5 answers
Microbial growth in denture patients is primarily attributed to factors such as the moist and warm oral environment supporting bacterial colonization. Dentures act as reservoirs for microorganisms due to surface irregularities, leading to increased microbial adhesion. The composition of denture biofilms is influenced by various factors like patient age, health status, and denture material, with Candida albicans being a common opportunistic pathogen. Studies have shown higher rates of potential pathogenic bacteria like S. aureus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in denture wearers compared to individuals without dentures. Proper oral hygiene measures are crucial to mitigate microbial colonization and maintain oral health in denture wearers.
What additives are used to create graphite from sugar?
4 answers
To create graphite from sugar, various additives are utilized in different processes. Additives such as ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, and para-toluene sulfuric acid are combined with simple sugars or sucrose to form a sugar/additive blend, enhancing the density of the resulting carbon residue during pyrolysis. In another study, additives like H3PO4, ZnCl2, SnCl2, and CaCl2 are incorporated during hydrothermal carbonization and heat treatment processes to synthesize activated carbon microspheres from sucrose, affecting surface characteristics and toluene adsorption abilities. Additionally, saccharin, a non-toxic artificial sweetener, is used as an intercalating agent in an electrochemical exfoliation route to produce graphene from graphite electrodes, influencing the exfoliation potential and defect density of the graphene layers.
How does the pH level affect the effectiveness of malachite green dye as a disinfectant?
4 answers
The pH level significantly influences the effectiveness of malachite green dye in various removal methods. In electro-coagulation, an optimum pH of 8.0 was found to be ideal for efficient malachite green removal using aluminum electrodes. Similarly, in the adsorption process, the removal of malachite green dye was strongly pH dependent, with maximum removal observed at a pH of 8.0 when using activated sludge as an adsorbent. Furthermore, in the adsorptive removal study using nano-bentonite and MgO-impregnated clay composites, the maximum efficiency for malachite green adsorption was achieved at pH 7.0 and 9.0 respectively. These findings highlight the crucial role of pH in determining the efficacy of malachite green dye removal methods, emphasizing the need to optimize pH conditions for enhanced disinfection capabilities.
Are hand sanitizers efficient as a surface disinfectant ?
5 answers
Hand sanitizers can be effective as surface disinfectants, depending on their composition and the target virus. Studies have shown that alcohol-based sanitizers containing 62% to 95% alcohol can disrupt coronavirus transmission by denaturing viral proteins. Additionally, ethanol and ethanol-based disinfectants have demonstrated virucidal activities against bacteriophage MS2 on various surfaces, making them potential surface decontamination strategies. Furthermore, research on hand sanitizers' antimicrobial activity found that certain brands were efficient in reducing bacterial flora, emphasizing the importance of hand hygiene in preventing microbial contamination. Overall, the efficacy of hand sanitizers as surface disinfectants is influenced by their active ingredients and their ability to inactivate and remove viruses, highlighting their potential role in maintaining hygiene and preventing disease transmission.
What is Gas to liquids process (GTL)?
5 answers
Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) processing involves the conversion of natural gas into liquid hydrocarbons, such as clean diesel, naphtha, lubes, and other industrially important organics. This process utilizes the Fischer–Tropsch (F-T) approach, where natural gas is indirectly converted into higher hydrocarbons through syngas manufacturing. GTL technology is gaining global interest due to its ability to produce premium transport liquids from associated flare gases, offering a solution for stranded resources. The GTL process is crucial for market diversification, especially for remote natural gas resource stakeholders, and has the potential to extract liquid fuel from gas-rich inland areas. Additionally, the integration of power production units in GTL plants, known as GTL-power co-production, enhances efficiency and profitability by concurrently producing GTL liquids and electricity within the same plant.