How much wind energy is there per square meter of land and what are the factors of this function?
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The power density of wind energy per square meter of land varies based on factors such as location, wind speed, and turbine efficiency. Research indicates that wind power density can range from 0.3 to 47 We m−2 for wind power and 10 to 120 We m−2 for solar power. Specific studies have shown that the mean power density of onshore wind power plants in 2016 was 0.50 We m−2, with larger wind plants having lower power densities. In comparison, the mean power density of solar power plants in 2016 was 5.4 We m−2, indicating a higher power density than wind energy. Factors influencing wind energy potential include mean average wind speed, vertical wind profile, energy pattern factor, peak wind speed, prevailing wind direction, and air density. These factors collectively contribute to the overall wind energy available per square meter of land.
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| Papers (5) | Insight |
|---|---|
1 Citations | The wind energy per square meter of land is determined by factors like wind speed, vertical profile, energy pattern, peak speed, direction, lull hours, and air density in a non-linear function. |
| Wind energy per square meter of land is limited to about 1 W m^2 for wind farm scales larger than 100 km^2. Factors include wind turbine drag and local wind alterations. | |
59 Citations | Wind energy per square meter of land is 0.50 We m−2, with factors including increasing capacity factors but decreasing capacity densities, potentially leading to declining power densities as wind generation expands. |
| There is 2.7 x 10^-2 watt/m^2 of land area for wind energy. Factors affecting this include man-made energy release, atmospheric modifications, and land and water surface alterations. | |
Open access•Journal Article | The paper proposes an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to estimate wind energy resources, with factors like latitude, longitude, elevation, and monthly wind speed influencing energy per square meter. |
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