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How to explain WO3 semiconductor exhibit supercacitor properties?

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Tungsten oxide (WO3) exhibits supercapacitor properties due to its high charge storage ability, excellent cycling stability, and capacitive charge storage nature. WO3 can be synthesized in various forms like nanorods, nanoflowers, and 2D nanomaterials, each offering unique advantages for supercapacitor applications . The material's high specific capacitance, good conductivity, and pseudocapacitive behavior contribute to its superior electrochemical performance, making it a promising candidate for energy storage devices. Strategies to enhance WO3's photocatalytic activity, such as modifying energy band positions and reducing charge carrier recombination, also play a role in improving its supercapacitor properties . Overall, WO3's versatile morphologies and exceptional electrochemical characteristics make it a highly efficient semiconductor for supercapacitor applications, showcasing its potential in energy storage technologies .

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Journal Article•DOI WO3 nanoflowers with excellent pseudo-capacitive performance and the capacitance contribution analysis Meijia Qiu, Peng Sun, Liuxue Shen, Kun Wang, Shuqin Song, Xiang Yu, Shaozao Tan, Chuanxi Zhao, Wenjie Mai - Show less +8 more 11 May 2016-Journal of Materials Chemistry 141 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Journal Article•DOI A New Facile Synthesis of Tungsten Oxide from Tungsten Disulfide: Structure Dependent Supercapacitor and Negative Differential Resistance Properties. Debasish Mandal, Parimal Routh, Arun K. Nandi - Show less +2 more 01 Jan 2018-Small 64 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Journal Article•DOI Hydrothermal preparation, growth mechanism and supercapacitive properties of WO3 nanorod arrays grown directly on a Cu substrate Feng Zheng, Shaolei Song, Fei Lu, Rong Li, Naijing Bu, Jia Liu, Yang Li, Pengfei Hu, Qiang Zhen - Show less +8 more 24 May 2016-CrystEngComm 36 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI A review on the development of visible light-responsive WO3-based photocatalysts for environmental applications J.C. Murillo-Sierra, Aracely Hernández-Ramírez, Laura Hinojosa-Reyes, Jorge Luis Guzmán-Mar - Show less +3 more 15 Mar 2021 79 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Book Chapter•DOI A Detailed Review on the Properties and Applications of WO3 Nanostructure-Based Optical and Electronic Devices 07 Jan 2022	Not addressed in the paper.

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What is the best route for synthesizing WO3 thin films?5 answersThe most effective routes for synthesizing WO3 thin films include electrochemical anodization, cathodic electrodeposition, spray pyrolysis, and aerosol flame deposition processes. Electrochemical methods offer precise control over film properties. Spray pyrolysis techniques produce homogeneous, high-quality WO3 films with nano-crystallite structures, enhancing film quality upon annealing. Aerosol flame deposition enables the fabrication of monoclinic WO3 thin films with specific morphologies, such as nanocolumns, impacting photoelectrochemical performance significantly. These diverse methods cater to different film requirements, with electrochemical routes being particularly suitable for photoelectrochemical water splitting applications due to their stability and valence band position. Each synthesis route offers distinct advantages, allowing for tailored WO3 thin films for various applications in energy conservation and electrochromic devices.

Why tungsten are used in light bulb?5 answersTungsten is used in light bulbs because it has a high melting point and is a good conductor of electricity, making it suitable for use as a filament in incandescent bulbs. Tungsten filaments are heated by an electric current, causing them to emit light through incandescence. However, the use of tungsten bulbs is being phased out due to the increased usage of more efficient alternatives such as fluorescent tubes and light-emitting diode (LED) devices. These alternatives, which are based on luminescence emission, use phosphors to produce light through electron transitions. The use of tungsten in halogen tungsten bulbs is also aimed at improving light efficiency and prolonging the bulb's lifetime. These bulbs have a single-filament and single-ended structure, reducing thermal loss and maximizing luminous efficiency.

Who discovered the electrochromism of WO3?5 answersThe electrochromism of WO3 was discovered by Tong et al..

What is the difference between WO3 particle size and its crystallite size?5 answersThe crystallite size refers to the size of the individual crystalline domains within a particle, while the particle size refers to the overall size of the particle itself. In the case of tungsten trioxide (WO3), the correlation between crystallite size and particle size has been investigated in several studies. It has been found that both crystallite size and particle size play important roles in the properties and performance of WO3 particles. Increases in the crystallite size have been shown to enhance the photodecomposition rate of organic material in photocatalytic processes. On the other hand, the stability of the e phase of WO3 has been found to vary with the crystallite size, with smaller crystallites exhibiting a lower phase transformation onset temperature. Additionally, the ratio of surface-to-bulk oxygen and the type of chemisorbed oxygen species have been found to change with the increment of WO3 particle size. The alteration in the optical bandgap of nanocrystalline WO3 has also been attributed to changes in both crystallite size and unit cell volume.

Why grain size of the WO3 obtained from SEM is far bigger than Scherrer calculation of XRD's FWHM?5 answersThe grain size of WO3 obtained from SEM is larger than the Scherrer calculation of XRD's FWHM due to different measurement techniques and principles. SEM measures the particle size directly by analyzing the images obtained from the microscope, while XRD calculates the crystallite size using the Scherrer equation based on the diffraction pattern.SEM provides a more accurate measurement of the particle size, taking into account the shape and morphology of the particles. On the other hand, XRD calculates the crystallite size based on the broadening of the diffraction peaks, which may not accurately represent the actual particle size.Additionally, the Scherrer equation assumes a perfect spherical shape and uniform strain distribution, which may not be the case in reality.Therefore, the grain size obtained from SEM is expected to be larger than the Scherrer calculation of XRD's FWHM.

What are the advantages of solvothermal compared with sol gel method to synthesize WO3?5 answersSol-gel method for synthesizing WO3 offers several advantages compared to solvothermal method. Firstly, sol-gel method allows for the preparation of WO3 films with excellent electrochromic performance, low electrochromic colored state score, and high optical modulation amplitude. Secondly, sol-gel method can be used to optimize the fabrication parameters of WO3/Pt sensing material, resulting in improved sensitivity and repeatability of the film. Thirdly, sol-gel method enables the preparation of a porous WO3/rGO composite film with good electrochromic and optical properties, providing a new idea for the development of energy-saving and high-efficiency WO3 film technologies. Lastly, sol-gel method can be used to synthesize WO3/TiO2 nanocomposites with a lower band gap and shifted optical response to the visible region, making them effective as visible-light-driven photocatalysts.

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