Is Notch patwahy upregulatd or downregulated in active IBD patients ?
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Notch pathway is upregulated in active IBD patients. Studies have shown that in conditions like Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Desulfovibrio, a dominant Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) genus in the gut, can activate Notch signaling, leading to increased expression of Notch-related proteins. Additionally, research on Barrett esophagus progressing to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) revealed that increased Notch signaling was associated with decreased goblet cell density, indicating a potential therapeutic target to prevent EAC in patients with Barrett esophagus. Furthermore, in activated macrophages, Toll-like receptor agonists induce upregulation of Notch1, leading to the activation of Notch signaling and subsequent regulation of pro-inflammatory responses. Overall, these findings suggest that Notch pathway is upregulated in inflammatory conditions like IBD.
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| Papers (4) | Insight |
|---|---|
| Notch pathway is upregulated in activated macrophages, suggesting potential upregulation in active IBD patients due to its role in regulating pro-inflammatory responses. | |
| Notch pathway dysregulation is associated with autoinflammatory diseases. In active IBD patients, Notch pathway can be either upregulated or downregulated, depending on the specific molecular alterations present. | |
| Not addressed in the paper. | |
9 Citations | Notch pathway is upregulated in active IBD patients due to activation by sulfate reducing bacteria, potentially contributing to inflammation in conditions associated with SRB bloom. |
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What is the reason for naming the Notch pathway?5 answersThe Notch pathway is named after the "notched" wing phenotype observed in Drosophila melanogaster, which was one of the initial characteristics identified in relation to this signaling mechanism. This pathway is evolutionarily conserved and plays a crucial role in various developmental processes across different organisms, including humans and fruit flies. Dysregulation of Notch signaling is associated with developmental defects and numerous pathological conditions, such as cancer, making it a key focus in cancer biology research. The intricate regulatory mechanisms of the Notch pathway allow it to be deployed in diverse cellular contexts, leading to multifaceted functions in development and disease, highlighting the complexity and importance of this signaling cascade.
How decreases the inflammation in IBD to reach the reminission?4 answersTo decrease inflammation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and achieve remission, various approaches are being explored. Studies have highlighted the significance of molecular measures in assessing disease activity and guiding treatment. Research has identified key regulators like GARP, Lnc-MALAT1, and miR-142-3p, which play crucial roles in the inflammatory pathways of IBD. Additionally, traditional Chinese medicinal decoctions like Tou Nong San have shown anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, offering potential therapeutic benefits for IBD patients. Promoting resolution of inflammation and repair processes, such as inflammatory cell apoptosis, efferocytosis, and gut epithelial repair, are essential steps towards achieving complete mucosal healing in IBD patients. These findings collectively contribute to understanding and targeting inflammation for effective management and remission of IBD.
What is the role of Notch or related homologues in human disease?5 answersNotch signaling and its homologues play crucial roles in various human diseases. The Notch pathway is implicated in hematological malignancies, acting as both an oncogene in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL)and a tumor suppressor in squamous cell carcinomas. Additionally, Notch signaling is involved in skin diseases like Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Psoriasis. In neurodegenerative diseases and brain disorders, deregulation of Notch signaling contributes to pathogenesis. Furthermore, dysregulation of NOTCH3 is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and other lung diseases. These findings highlight the diverse and critical roles of Notch and its homologues in the development and progression of various human diseases, making them potential therapeutic targets for future interventions.
In which cancer does notch promote emt?5 answersNotch signaling promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer (CRC). It has been observed that activation of Notch1 induces EMT in CRC cells, leading to downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of Slug and Snail. Additionally, Notch1 activation increases TGFβ/Smad signaling, which is involved in EMT regulation. The reciprocal positive regulatory loop between Notch and TGFβ promotes EMT and enhances motility and migration of CRC cells. These findings suggest that Notch signaling plays a key role in EMT regulation in CRC and may have therapeutic or prognostic utility.
How is Notch signaling involved in post-injury response in intestinal stem cells?4 answersNotch signaling plays a crucial role in the post-injury response of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). When the Notch pathway is disrupted, there is a reduction in ISC function, but ISCs are still retained. Notch ligand-expressing Paneth cells are rapidly lost through apoptotic cell death, followed by a regenerative response characterized by the expansion of cells expressing Notch ligands Dll1 and Dll4, enhanced Notch signaling, and increased proliferation. Dll1-expressing cells are activated as multipotential progenitors, generating both absorptive and secretory cells and replenishing the vacant Paneth cell pool. In a rat model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, inhibition of Notch signaling was associated with accelerated cell turnover and differentiation of ISCs towards secretory progenitors. Additionally, Notch signaling regulates the balance between rapidly cycling LGR5+ ISCs and slow-cycling BMI1+ ISCs, promoting interconversion between these two populations.
How does Notch signaling mediate intestinal epithelial response to injury?5 answersNotch signaling plays a crucial role in the response of intestinal epithelial cells to injury. When Notch signaling is blocked, proliferation of epithelial cells ceases and they become secretory. The constant renewal of the intestinal epithelium is fueled by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) that give rise to transit-amplifying progenitor cells during homeostasis. Upon injury and loss of ISCs, the epithelium can regenerate through the dedifferentiation of progenitor cells that regain stemness and repopulate the pool of ISCs. Notch1 is the primary receptor regulating intestinal stem cell function, while Notch1 and Notch2 together regulate epithelial cell proliferation, cell fate determination, and post-injury regeneration. The Notch2/Hes5 signaling pathway is activated and involved in the regulation of intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in intestinal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. Myeloid-derived cells and Toll-like receptor/Myd88 signaling are required for proper colonic injury response, and Myd88 expression in myeloid cells is sufficient to rescue intestinal injury responses.