scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Is there efficacy of Immune-checkpoints in patients with Non Small Cell lung Cancer with EGFR common mutations? 


Best insight from top research papers

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show efficacy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations. Studies indicate that ICIs combined with chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic drugs are effective for EGFR-TKI resistant NSCLC patients, providing better prognosis compared to monotherapy or chemotherapy alone . Furthermore, patients with EGFR mutations who received ICIs combined with anti-angiogenic therapy had longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to those receiving ICIs with chemotherapy . However, mutational signatures derived from targeted sequencing assays may not reliably predict ICI efficacy in NSCLC, suggesting that whole exome or genome sequencing may be more suitable for such predictions . Overall, ICIs, especially in combination therapies, demonstrate efficacy in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations.

Answers from top 5 papers

More filters
Papers (5)Insight
Combination therapy involving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) shows promise in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations post-targeted therapy resistance, aiming for individualized treatment to maximize efficacy.
EGFR-TKIs and ICIs show efficacy in treating recurrent NSCLC after surgery, with no significant difference in overall survival between them, indicating potential effectiveness in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
Patients with EGFR mutations in NSCLC benefitted from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with anti-angiogenic therapy, showing improved progression-free survival and overall survival compared to chemotherapy combinations.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors show limited efficacy in NSCLC patients with previous EGFR mutations. However, combining them with chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic drugs improves outcomes in EGFR-TKI-resistant cases.
Not addressed in the paper.

Related Questions

What genetic mutations are most commonly associated with the development of Non-small cell lung cancer cancer?5 answersDeleterious mutations in the ATM gene are frequently associated with the development of Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These mutations define a distinct subset of NSCLC with unique clinicopathologic, genomic, and immunophenotypic features, including associations with female sex, smoking history, non-squamous histology, and higher tumor mutational burden. Additionally, co-occurring mutations in KRAS, STK11, and ARID2 are significantly enriched in ATM-mutant NSCLCs, while TP53 and EGFR mutations are more common in ATM wild-type cases. Furthermore, patients with concurrent ATM/TP53 mutations exhibit improved response rates and progression-free survival with certain therapies. These findings highlight the significant role of ATM mutations in the pathogenesis and clinical outcomes of NSCLC.
How does EGFR mutation affect NSCLC treatment?4 answersEGFR mutation plays a significant role in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been developed as targeted therapies for NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations, leading to improved treatment prospects and prognosis. However, the efficacy of conventional EGFR-TKIs and optimal treatments for patients with EGFR compound mutations or concomitant mutations are still largely unknown. Uncommon EGFR mutations, such as G719X, S768I, and L861Q, have been found to be sensitive to afatinib, a second-generation oral EGFR-TKI. On the other hand, EGFR exon 20 insertions (EGFR ex20ins) mutation, which is a rare mutation, has shown low sensitivity to most EGFR-TKIs. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized NSCLC treatment, and even patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC may choose an ICI after failure of EGFR-TKI treatment. Discontinuation of ICI therapy due to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) does not adversely affect the prognosis of patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
What is the impact of other genetic abnormalities on EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer?4 answersEGFR mutation-positive lung cancer is not solely driven by EGFR mutations, but also by other genetic abnormalities. Co-occurring alterations in tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) have been found to impact patient outcomes in EGFR-mutant NSCLC. These alterations, such as mutations in TP53 and additional TSGs, are associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Furthermore, the presence of co-occurring genomic alterations, including TP53 mutations, has been identified as a negative prognostic biomarker, potentially leading to earlier resistance to targeted therapy. It has been suggested that these additional TSG alterations, rather than TP53 mutational status alone, drive the inferior outcomes in EGFR/TP53-mutant NSCLC. Understanding the impact of these genetic abnormalities is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies and predicting EGFR-TKI efficacy in EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer patients.
What is the evidence gap for perioperative immunotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer?5 answersPerioperative immunotherapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has shown promising results, but there are still some evidence gaps that need to be addressed. The available evidence suggests that more studies are needed to evaluate long-term patient outcomes and provide a stronger foundation for the use of these treatments. Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings, leading to improved clinical outcomes. However, further research is needed to identify optimal types of perioperative immunotherapy and biomarkers for patient selection. Phase 3 studies have reported survival benefits of perioperative immunotherapy, but overall survival did not differ significantly between treatment groups in one analysis. The utility of ICIs in preoperative NSCLC patients has been explored, but the predictive efficacy of potential biomarkers is still being investigated. In summary, there is a need for more studies evaluating long-term outcomes, optimal treatment types, and predictive biomarkers in perioperative immunotherapy for resectable NSCLC.
What are the challenges and opportunities in the treatment of EGFR mutation in non-small cell lung cancer?5 answersThe treatment of EGFR mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents both challenges and opportunities. One challenge is the development of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) due to the emergence of novel mutations such as T790M. However, the third-generation EGFR-TKI osimertinib has shown promising results in targeting both EGFR and T790M mutations, with reduced toxicity compared to earlier generations. Another challenge is the detection of EGFR mutations in tumor tissues, which can be addressed by using mutation-specific probes for visualizing EGFR mutation-positive parts of NSCLC tissues. Identifying the targeted mutations in NSCLC is crucial for treatment planning, and patients with EGFR or ALK mutations have been shown to have a longer life expectancy when receiving targeted therapy. Overall, the development of targeted therapies and the use of mutation-specific probes offer opportunities for improving the treatment outcomes of EGFR mutation in NSCLC.
How predictive is PD-L1 as an immunohistochemical marker for the efficacy of checkpointinhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer?5 answersPD-L1 expression detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is used as a predictive biomarker for the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the predictive value of PD-L1 varies between tumor types and has limitations. PD-L1 expression is not sufficient on its own to select patients who may benefit from immunotherapy. PD-L1 testing must be carefully implemented for clinical decision-making. There are several open issues related to PD-L1 testing, including the use of different staining platforms and antibodies, the type of cells in which PD-L1 is assessed, and the thresholds used for PD-L1 positivity. Therefore, newer biomarkers such as tumor mutation burden and neoantigens are being explored as more reliable alternatives to PD-L1 for guiding treatment selection with checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC.

See what other people are reading

The name of the paper by Cutter, Burton, and Emrich in 2003?
5 answers
The paper by Cutter, Burton, and Emrich in 2003 is not explicitly mentioned in the provided contexts. However, the contexts provided discuss various inventions related to paper cutters. These inventions include a paper cutting cutter with an illuminating mechanism for precise cutting, a novel paper cutter with features like a fixed rod, pressing plate, and graduated scales for improved paper alignment and safety, and an improved paper cutting machine with a moveable positioning block and pedal for efficient cutting of papers of different widths. While these contexts provide insights into innovative paper cutting tools, they do not directly relate to a specific paper by Cutter, Burton, and Emrich in 2003.
How does immunohistochemistry aid in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease?
5 answers
Immunohistochemistry plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) by enabling the identification of specific markers associated with these neurodegenerative conditions. In the case of AD, in silico immunohistochemistry (IHC) can computationally identify key features like neurofibrillary tangles and β-amyloid plaques with high accuracy. Similarly, multiplexed fluorescence-based immunohistochemistry (MP-IHC) allows for the simultaneous screening of numerous markers in brain tissue sections, aiding in the characterization of AD and PD pathology. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis of skin biopsies has shown promise in detecting alpha-synuclein aggregates, a potential biomarker for PD, providing insights for early disease diagnosis. These techniques enhance the understanding and diagnosis of AD and PD through the precise visualization of pathological hallmarks.
Anchovy is a fish?
5 answers
Yes, anchovy is indeed a type of fish. Anchovies are small pelagic fish found in various regions like the Indo-Pacific, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Yellow Sea ecosystem. These fish are rich in macronutrients, micronutrients, and essential amino acids, making them valuable for human consumption and as feed for larger fish. Anchovies have a diverse nutrient profile, containing vitamins A, B12, D, and E, which contribute to their nutritional value and potential for food diversification. Additionally, anchovy proteins have been identified as potential precursors of bioactive peptides with health benefits like antihypertensive and immunomodulatory properties, making anchovies promising for functional food or nutraceutical product development. Furthermore, studies have focused on enriching anchovy oil with Omega-3 for its health benefits, particularly for heart and brain health.
What is ACE and DPP-IV?
5 answers
ACE stands for angiotensin-converting enzyme, which plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. On the other hand, DPP-IV, or dipeptidyl peptidase-4, is an enzyme involved in glucose metabolism and is a target for managing type-2 diabetes. DPP-IV inhibitors are a class of oral diabetes medications that can have off-target cardiovascular effects, such as attenuating the hypotensive effect of ACE inhibitors and increasing norepinephrine levels. Additionally, DPP-IV inhibitors may increase the risk of lung cancer by affecting levels of substance P (SP) and bradykinin in lung tissue, especially when used in conjunction with ACE inhibitors.
Cochliophilin is HSP90 inhibitor?
5 answers
Cochliophilin is not an HSP90 inhibitor. The compound mentioned in the contexts is cyclosporin A (CsA), which is a cyclophilin inhibitor that exhibits selective antiviral activity without affecting cell proliferation. However, there are other compounds like 17-(Allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) that indirectly slow cell growth and have antiviral effects but are not HSP90 inhibitors. Additionally, there are resorcinol derivatives and pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives mentioned in other contexts that are specifically identified as HSP90 inhibitors for treating diseases like cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, Cochliophilin is not an HSP90 inhibitor, but CsA, 17-AAG, resorcinol derivatives, and pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives are compounds with different mechanisms of action in relation to HSP90 inhibition.
What is lead optimization in drug discovery?
5 answers
Lead optimization in drug discovery is a crucial process that involves enhancing the properties of initial hit molecules to meet specific criteria based on the therapeutic hypothesis. This optimization aims to improve the primary therapeutic activity, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) properties, and safety profile of the molecule. It requires a balance between maintaining selectivity for the disease protein target and satisfying pharmacological properties. Computational drug designing plays a significant role in lead optimization by improving structure-activity relationships, binding affinity, and pharmacokinetic parameters. Through extensive structure-activity relationship studies, new leads with favorable pharmacokinetic properties can be identified, supporting further exploration in toxicology studies. Lead optimization is a multi-objective optimization problem that involves maximizing or minimizing conflicting and incomparable goals simultaneously.
How has AI revolutionized lead optimization in drug dsicovery?
5 answers
AI has revolutionized lead optimization in drug discovery by enabling the generation of novel molecules, predicting multi-target properties, and accelerating the identification of potent inhibitors. AI/ML methods, such as generative models and deep learning approaches, facilitate the creation of new molecular structures. Autoencoder architectures trained on chemical databases can generate analogues with higher binding affinities, showcasing the potential for lead optimization. Additionally, AI-driven workflows, like the BIOVIA Generative Therapeutics Design application, leverage 3D structural models to address common lead finding and optimization challenges effectively. Furthermore, the combination of active learning and automated machine learning significantly speeds up the identification of compounds with improved binding affinities, surpassing traditional approaches. AI's impact in lead optimization includes cost reduction, time efficiency, and enhanced accuracy, marking a significant advancement in drug discovery.
Are there some paper that includes the information about anti-CTLA4 antibody sequence?
5 answers
Yes, there are papers that provide information about anti-CTLA-4 antibody sequences. One paper discusses the development of anti-CTLA-4 nanobody-modified liposomes to enhance CD8+ T cell antitumor activity. Another paper presents anti-CTLA-4 antibody polypeptides and polynucleotides, along with their pharmaceutical compositions and potential uses. Additionally, there is a paper that introduces antibodies and antigen binding fragments against CTLA4, which can inhibit the binding of CTLA4 to its ligand, offering a potential treatment for diseases like cancer. These papers collectively contribute valuable insights into the development and potential therapeutic applications of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies.
How does TIM-3's modulation affect the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC)?
5 answers
Modulation of TIM-3 impacts cancer immunotherapy efficacy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by regulating immune responses. TIM-3, a negative regulator of immunity, interacts with dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells, influencing T cell activation and trogocytosis. In RCC, TIM-3 blockade disrupts trogocytosis of activated tumor-specific CD8+ T cells, enhancing antitumor immunity and reducing tumor burden. Additionally, TIM-3 and PD-1 blockades synergize to inhibit trogocytosis, promoting T cell survival and tumor control. These findings underscore TIM-3's crucial role in modulating immune responses in RCC and highlight its potential as a target for enhancing cancer immunotherapy efficacy in this context.
Explain about each charactistics of ADME analysis?
5 answers
ADME analysis encompasses absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion parameters crucial in drug development. It involves evaluating a drug's behavior in the body, focusing on factors like lipophilicity, water solubility, pharmacokinetics, and drug likeness. ADME-Tox qualities are vital in drug design, as they impact the success of candidate molecules. In drug discovery, ADME properties are optimized to ensure acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles in humans while balancing pharmacological and toxicological activities. In-silico tools like Swiss ADME aid in predicting ADME characteristics of compounds, guiding further research for potential therapeutic agents. Understanding ADME is essential for developing safe and effective medications, with early consideration of these parameters potentially saving time and resources in drug development.
What is the effectiveness of low dose cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in preventing breast cancer metastasis?
5 answers
Low-dose cyclophosphamide chemotherapy has shown promise in breast cancer treatment. Studies have explored its efficacy in various approaches. A phase II study combining low-dose oral cyclophosphamide with JX-594, an oncolytic vaccinia virus, in breast cancer patients reported stable disease in some cases. Additionally, a retrospective analysis comparing low-dose metronomic chemotherapy (LDMC) with conventional chemotherapy (CCT) in metastatic breast cancer found similar efficacy between the two treatments, suggesting LDMC as a valuable option. Furthermore, a study in mice demonstrated that combining oral breast cancer vaccines with cyclophosphamide led to maximal tumor regression and increased survival rates, emphasizing the potential of this combination in cancer therapy. These findings collectively indicate the potential effectiveness of low-dose cyclophosphamide in preventing breast cancer metastasis.