Isolation structural chracteristic and biological activity (-)-nortrilobolide.5 answers(-)-Nortrilobolide is a compound derived from the tree Spachea correae, displaying inhibitory effects on Kv1.3 potassium channels in human T lymphocytes. On the other hand, 11,12,13-tri-nor-sesquiterpenes are a class of degraded sesquiterpenoids formed by the removal of a C3 unit from the sesquiterpene skeleton, affecting their biological activity. The isolation and structural elucidation of natural products, including compounds like (-)-nortrilobolide, are crucial for understanding their pharmacological potential. Techniques like affinity chromatography can aid in isolating biologically active compounds like (-)-nortrilobolide from natural sources. Research efforts focus not only on traditional medicinal plants but also on marine sources for discovering novel bioactive compounds, expanding the scope of natural product exploration.
Isolation of compounds from protea5 answersProtea cynaroides (king protea) is a flowering plant that belongs to the Proteaceae family. In a study by Yalo et al., compounds were isolated from the leaves of P. cynaroides using 80% methanol extraction and solvent fractionation. Four new compounds (1-4) and four known compounds (5-8) were identified, including 3,4-bis(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (1), 4-hydroxybenzoyl-1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (2), 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxo-4H-pyran-3-yl-6-O-benzoate-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), and 3-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-β-ionone 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4). Another study by Erdmann and Khalil isolated phenylacetic acid and phenylacetaldehyde from Proteus mirabilis. However, the isolation of compounds from Protea species was not mentioned in the other abstracts.
Isolation and extraction of Flavoniods5 answersFlavonoids are phytochemical compounds found in various plants and have diverse applications such as natural dyes, medicinal uses, and food sources. Different spectroscopic techniques like Infrared spectroscopy (IR), Ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy are used to identify the structure of flavonoids. Sequential Soxhlet extraction and flash chromatography are commonly used methods for the extraction and isolation of flavonoids. Supercritical fluid extraction and supercritical fluid chromatography are also used for the selective extraction and isolation of flavonoids. Column chromatography is another technique used for the isolation of flavonoids. New non-chromatographic techniques such as ionic liquids, eutectic solvents, chelating agents, and molecular imprinted polymers have been developed for the separation and purification of flavonoids, providing good yields of bioactive compounds.
Isolation and Structural Elucidation of Flavonoids from Medicinally Important Plants4 answersFlavonoids have been isolated and structurally elucidated from several medicinally important plants. Marsh cinquefoil (Comarum palustre L.) yielded seven individual compounds, including derivatives of ellagic acid and flavonoids. Bouea macrophylla Griff. yielded five flavonoids, including garbanzol, resokaempferol, catechin, mollisacacidin, and guibourtacacidin. Four types of Astragalus plants (A. henningii, A. testiculatus, A. varius, A. dasyanthus) were found to contain five aglycones of flavonoids, including luteolin, quercetin, apigenin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol. Onosma chitralicum yielded seven isolated compounds, including 4',8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxyisoflavone, 5,3',3-trihydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavanone, and 5',7,8-trihydroxy-6,3',4'-trimethoxyflavanone. Mandragora autumnalis yielded four flavonoid aglycones, including kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, and (+)-taxifolin. These studies demonstrate the isolation and structural elucidation of flavonoids from various medicinal plants, highlighting their potential for drug development and therapeutic applications.
Isolation of ursolic acid3 answersUrsolic acid has been isolated from various plant species in different regions. For example, it has been isolated from the leaves of Neolamarckia cadamba using ultrasonic waves, resulting in a good yield. It has also been isolated from the leaves of Arbutus pavarii, an endemic Libyan medicinal plant, through a cytotoxicity assay-guided isolation process. In addition, ursolic acid has been obtained from Clinopodium revolutum in Peru, and a quantitative analysis for rosmarinic acid and triterpenic acids has been conducted in aqueous infusions of these plants. Furthermore, ursolic acid has been isolated from the leaves of Ocimum lamiifolium in Ethiopia using column chromatography. Lastly, it has been isolated from the leaves of Knoxia corymbosa, a species not previously known to contain this compound.
How does column chromatography work?5 answersColumn chromatography is a widely used technique for separating molecules based on their differential interaction with a stationary phase and a mobile phase. In this technique, a sample mixture is loaded onto a tubular column containing the stationary phase, and the components of the mixture are separated as they interact differently with the mobile phase. Different types of chromatographic techniques, such as size exclusion, ion exchange, and affinity chromatography, can be used in column chromatography for the separation of proteins. The utility model provides a chromatography column that includes a cylinder, surge chamber, receiver, and other components to control the pressure and flow of the mobile phase, thereby solving the problem of column splitting due to excessive pressure. Another invention describes a chromatography column with a high separation effect, achieved by using a combination of columnar and spherical stationary phases, resulting in improved separation efficiency and reduced preparation time. A column for chromatography includes a flow path with pillars as a stationary phase, allowing for the separation of individual components from a mixture sample. A chromatography column assembly is also described, which offers an affordable self-packed column for chromatographic separation, with options for adjusting the bed volume.